ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Estimates of the Economic Cost Caused by Five Major Reproductive Problems in Dairy Animals in Assam and Bihar, India.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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25 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular insights into the protective role of nano-naringin in mancozeb-induced testicular damage and infertility.Biological research · 2026Article
- Multi-pathogen epidemiological survey of subclinical mastitis, gastrointestinal parasitism, and zoonotic diseases in smallholder dairy cattle in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Reproductive challenges in Indian dairy farming: an analysis of repeat breeding and infertility in Tamil Nadu.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of delayed ovulation and associated ovarian patterns in the Ongole crossbred cattle.Open veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization and high prevalence ofVeterinary world · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Smallholder Dairy Cattle Farmers in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Survey on Cattle Infertility.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- A Simple Deterministic Model of Protection and Cost Benefits from Vaccinating Indian Cattle Against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of repeat breeding in dairy cows in Cendana District, Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- The High Frequency of a G-Allele Variant of theAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Hematological and serum biochemical profiles at the time of artificial insemination based on pregnancy outcomes in repeat breeder beef cows.Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Interactions among factors affecting stillbirths in Egyptian buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).Tropical animal health and production · 2025Article
- Effect of body condition score loss during the transition period on metabolism, milk yield and health in Holstein cows.Journal of veterinary research · 2025Article
- The Cow Paradox-A Scoping Review of Dairy Bovine Welfare in India Using the Five Freedoms.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- A Prospective Study of the Prevalence and Predictive Risk Factors of Repeat Breeder Syndrome in Dairy Cattle in the North of Spain.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Sonograms of perineal muscles as a noninvasive diagnosis of pyometra and endometritis in beef cows: a preliminary study.Archives animal breeding · 2025Article
- Study on fungal contaminants in aborted calves of cattle herds in Iran.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
- Clinical Modalities for Enhancing Reproductive Efficiency in Buffaloes: A Review and Practical Aspects for Veterinary Practitioners.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Biomolecular survey on the main infectious causes of abortion in sheep in the Italian regions of Latium and Tuscany.Open veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Molecular detection of bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 in cases of reproductive disorders among cattle and buffaloes in Gujarat.Virusdisease · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reproductive problems in dairy animals reduce fertility, prevent conception, create problems in the delivery of healthy calves, lead to postpartum complications, increase inter-calving periods, reduce milk yield, and lower overall lifetime productivity. This study aimed at understanding the incidence of reproductive problems and the cost caused by these. The study covered 954 dairy animals in Bihar and 1348 dairy animals in Assam that were selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The costs were calculated as the sum of income losses and expenditures incurred. The major cost incurred resulted from extended calving intervals (46.1% of the total cost), followed by loss through salvage selling (38.1%), expenditure for treatment of repeat breeders (5.9%), loss of milk production (5.3%) and expenditure for extra inseminations (2.0%). About one fifth of the selected reproductive problems were left untreated. The estimated cost of reproductive problems was Indian Rupees (INR) 2424.9 (USD 36.1) per dairy animal per year (of the total dairy animal population) which represented approximately 4.1% of the mean value loss of dairy animals (INR 58,966/USD 877) per year. Reproductive problems were significantly (
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