ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Developing a Reliable Welfare Assessment Tool for Captive Hibernatory Bear Species.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- PsittaWel: A welfare assessment tool for companion parrots.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2026Article
- Comparison of animal welfare assessment tools and methodologies: need for an effective approach for captive elephants in Asia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Modification of Domestic Animal Lameness Scales for Use in Asiatic Black BearsAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- A Protocol to Assess the Welfare of Patagonian Huemul (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animal welfare assessments are essential for the identification of welfare hazards and benchmarking of welfare improvements, though welfare assessments for zoo species are lacking. Bears are commonly housed in zoos but currently no composite welfare assessment tool exists for captive bears. This study describes the development of such a tool for use across hibernating bear species. A draft tool was developed using indicators derived from the literature and a modified Delphi analysis with an international group of bear keepers. A total of 18 bear keepers from 12 zoos were recruited to trial the tool on 24 brown bears and American black bears. The participating keepers assessed their bears three times across a period of nine days. Intraclass correlation coefficients analysis was used to analyse inter-, intra-rater and item reliability. The inter- and intra-rater reliability showed good to excellent levels of agreement (>0.7,
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