ArticleBiomolecules2021
Modeling Prostate Cancer Treatment Responses in the Organoid Era: 3D Environment Impacts Drug Testing.
Article in Biomolecules, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can Complex 3D Models Effectively Replace 2D and Animal Models to Investigate the Microbe-Tumor-Immune Axis in Pancreatic Cancer Studies?Nutrients · 2026Review
- High-fidelity bioassembly of organoids and spheroids using inertial droplet microfluidics for precision oncology and tumor microenvironment modeling.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Using advanced cell models for targeted radionuclide therapy evaluation: increased efficacy in 3D versus 2D.EJNMMI research · 2026Article
- Lung cancer organoids for functional precision oncology: from disease modeling to clinical decision support.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Insights on the differences between two‑ and three‑dimensional culture systems in tumor models (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Endocrine cancer organoids in basic and translational medical research.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- Harnessing Organoid Platforms for Nanoparticle Drug Development.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- A Marine Collagen-Based 3D Scaffold for In Vitro Modeling of Human Prostate Cancer Niche and Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Discovery.Marine drugs · 2024Article
- Organoids: An Emerging Precision Medicine Model for Prostate Cancer Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Flourishing tumor organoids: History, emerging technology, and application.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2023Review
- Article
- In vitro construction of liver organoids with biomimetic lobule structure by a multicellular 3D bioprinting strategy.Cell proliferation · 2023Article
- Let's Go 3D! New Generation of Models for Evaluating Drug Response and Resistance in Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Experimental in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models in prostate cancer research.Nature reviews. Urology · 2023Review
- Early Cell Cultures from Prostate Cancer Tissue Express Tissue Specific Epithelial and Cancer Markers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- How to build a tumor: An industry perspective.Drug discovery today · 2022Review
- Mimicking the Natural Basement Membrane for Advanced Tissue Engineering.Biomacromolecules · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Organoid-based studies have revolutionized in vitro preclinical research and hold great promise for the cancer research field, including prostate cancer (PCa). However, experimental variability in organoid drug testing complicates reproducibility. For example, we observed PCa organoids to be less affected by cabazitaxel, abiraterone and enzalutamide as compared to corresponding single cells prior to organoid assembly. We hypothesized that three-dimensional (3D) organoid organization and the use of various 3D scaffolds impact treatment efficacy. Live-cell imaging of androgen-induced androgen receptor (AR) nuclear translocation and taxane-induced tubulin stabilization was used to investigate the impact of 3D scaffolds, spatial organoid distribution and organoid size on treatment effect. Scaffolds delayed AR translocation and tubulin stabilization, with Matrigel causing a more pronounced delay than synthetic hydrogel as well as incomplete tubulin stabilization. Drug effect was further attenuated the more centrally organoids were located in the scaffold dome. Moreover, cells in the organoid core revealed a delayed treatment effect compared to cells in the organoid periphery, underscoring the impact of organoid size. These findings indicate that analysis of organoid drug responses needs careful interpretation and requires dedicated read-outs with consideration of underlying technical aspects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.