Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34825163›Full record

ArticleClinical parkinsonism & related disorders2021

Symptom dimensions of anxiety in Parkinson's disease: Replication study in a neuropsychiatric patient population.

Sonja Rutten, Erwin E H van Wegen, Ires Ghielen, Bridget Schoon, Odile A van den Heuvel

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Management of Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2025
    Pooled it
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  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sonja RuttenAmsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Erwin E H van WegenAmsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Ires GhielenAmsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Bridget SchoonAmsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Odile A van den HeuvelAmsterdam University Medical Centers (Amsterdam UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Amsterdam Neuroscience · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAnxiety disorders occur in approximately one third of people with Parkinson's disease (PD), and have a major impact on patient and caregiver wellbeing. In order to better understand and diagnose anxiety in PD patients, we investigated the generalizability of the results of a previous factor analysis on anxiety symptoms to a sample of PD patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, anxiety symptoms were measured with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) in 123 PD patients who were referred for neuropsychiatric diagnostics and treatment. Subscales of anxiety were analyzed through principal component analysis of BAI items. The associations between BAI subscales and symptoms of motor and cognitive function and depression were assessed through regression analyses.

resultsSimilar to the previous factor analysis, we found one psychological (affective) and four somatic subscales of anxiety in the BAI. The affective subscale was the principal component explaining 35.9% of the variance. The scores on the total BAI and the affective subscale were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. In a post-hoc analysis, the affective subscale had equal power as compared to the total BAI in predicting whether or not participants were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder after psychiatric evaluation.

conclusionIn this study, we replicated our previous findings of one affective and multiple somatic subscales of the BAI. The 7-item affective subscale of the BAI shows potential as a screening tool for non-episodic anxiety in PD. However, in clinical practice, we recommend evaluating anxiety symptoms in the context of other PD symptoms, including motor, autonomic, and other (neuro)psychiatric symptoms.

Indexed as

AnxietyFactor analysisNeuropsychiatryNon-motor symptomsParkinson’s diseaseReplicationSymptom interaction

Identifiers

PMID34825163
PMCPMC8605274
OpenAlexW3212178718

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.