Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34824619›Full record

ArticleEcancermedicalscience2021

Oncology training and education initiatives in low and middle income countries: a scoping review.

Safiya Karim, Zahra Sunderji, Matthew Jalink, Sahar Mohamed, Indranil Mallick, Susan Citonje Msadabwe-Chikuni, Nancy J Delgarno, Nazik Hammad, Scott Berry

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Ecancermedicalscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  8. Review
  9. Bangkok declarations on cancer control in Asia.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025
    Review
  10. Enhancing IMRT/VMAT Competencies in LMICs globally within radiation physicists through remote training.Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Opportunities for Continuing Education by Hematology Societies Available to International Trainees.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2024
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Safiya KarimDepartment of Medical Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, 1331 29 St NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada.
Zahra SunderjiDepartment of Family Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada.
Matthew JalinkDepartment of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 5P9, Canada.
Sahar MohamedDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Indranil MallickDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata 700 160, India.
Susan Citonje Msadabwe-ChikuniCancer Diseases Hospital, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Nancy J DelgarnoOffice of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 0E9, Canada.
Nazik HammadDepartment of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 5P9, Canada.
Scott BerryDepartment of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 5P9, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe global cancer burden falls disproportionately on low and middle-income countries (LMICs). One significant barrier to adequate cancer control in these countries is the lack of an adequately trained oncology workforce. Oncology education and training initiatives are a critical component of building the workforce. We performed a scoping review of published training and education initiatives for health professionals in LMICs to understand the strategies used to train the global oncology workforce.

methodsWe searched Ovid MEDLINE and Embase from database inception (1947) to 4 March 2020. Articles were eligible if they described an oncology medical education initiative (with a clear intervention and outcome) within an LMIC. Articles were classified based on the target population, the level of medical education, degree of collaboration with another institution and if there was an e-learning component to the intervention.

findingsOf the 806 articles screened, 25 met criteria and were eligible for analysis. The majority of initiatives were targeted towards physicians and focused on continuing medical education. Almost all the initiatives were done in partnership with a collaborating organisation from a high-income country. Only one article described the impact of the initiative on patient outcomes. Less than half of the initiatives involved e-learning.

conclusionsThere is a paucity of oncology training and education initiatives in LMICs published in English. Initiatives for non-physicians, efforts to foster collaboration within and between LMICs, knowledge sharing initiatives and studies that measure the impact of these initiatives on developing an effective workforce are highly recommended.

Indexed as

e-healthlow and middle-income countriesmedical educationoncologyscoping review

Identifiers

PMID34824619
PMCPMC8580602

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.