ArticleNature communications2021
High endogenous CCL2 expression promotes the aggressive phenotype of human inflammatory breast cancer.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- LIF-Induced Tumor Plasticity Establishes an Immunosuppressive Myeloid Niche in LKB1-Mutant Lung Cancer.Cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Reprogramming the Immune Landscape of Inflammatory Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Exploring the Toxicological Relationship Between Diisononyl Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate and Atherosclerosis Through Network Toxicology, Machine Learning, and Multi-Dimensional Bioinformatics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- CCR7 immune cell receptor expression in inflammatory breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- The spatial immune landscape predicts outcome and reveals the central role of tumor-associated macrophages in inflammatory breast cancer biology.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Cancer Manipulates Adjacent Adipose Tissue to Exploit Fatty Acids via HIF-1α/CCL2/PPARα Axis: A Metabolic Circuit to Support Tumor Progression.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- PI3Kγ in Tumour Inflammation: Bridging Immune Response and Cancer Progression-A Mini-Review.Immunology · 2025Review
- Targeting the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Promise of Polyphenols.Cancers · 2025Review
- Human iPSC-derived NK cells armed with CCL19, CCR2B, high-affinity CD16, IL-15, and NKG2D complex enhance anti-solid tumor activity.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Silibinin Anticancer Effects Through the Modulation of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cancer-specific innate and adaptive immune rewiring drives resistance to PD-1 blockade in classic Hodgkin lymphoma.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Evaluating the immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors utilizing PET imaging of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in breast cancer mouse models.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Immune Cell Migration to Cancer.Cells · 2024Review
- Coordinated inflammation and immune response transcriptional regulation in breast cancer molecular subtypes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The obese inflammatory microenvironment may promote breast DCIS progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Anti-CCL2 antibody combined with etoposide prolongs survival in a minimal residual disease mouse model of neuroblastoma.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Induced Remodeling of Tumor Microenvironment in Recurrent Bladder Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Chemokine Binding to Tenascin-C Influences Chemokine-Induced Immune Cell Migration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with distinct clinical and histopathological features whose molecular basis is unresolved. Here we describe a human IBC cell line, A3250, that recapitulates key IBC features in a mouse xenograft model, including skin erythema, diffuse tumor growth, dermal lymphatic invasion, and extensive metastases. A3250 cells express very high levels of the CCL2 chemokine and induce tumors enriched in macrophages. CCL2 knockdown leads to a striking reduction in macrophage densities, tumor proliferation, skin erythema, and metastasis. These results establish IBC-derived CCL2 as a key factor driving macrophage expansion, and indirectly tumor growth, with transcriptomic analysis demonstrating the activation of multiple inflammatory pathways. Finally, primary human IBCs exhibit macrophage infiltration and an enriched macrophage RNA signature. Thus, this human IBC model provides insight into the distinctive biology of IBC, and highlights potential therapeutic approaches to this deadly disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.