ArticleBMC neuroscience2021
Comparison of the effects of open vs. closed skill exercise on the acute and chronic BDNF, IGF-1 and IL-6 response in older healthy adults.
Article in BMC neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exergames improve cognitive function in older adults and their possible mechanisms: A systematic review.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- Touch Restriction Versus Free-Play Small-Sided Games in Soccer: Acute Effects on Serum BDNF, Executive Function, and Technical Actions.European journal of sport science · 2026Trial
- Brain-Derived neurotrophic factor and inflammatory biomarkers are unaffected by acute and chronic intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure in geriatric patients: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2024Trial
- Fall-Related Physical Function, Executive Function, and Myokine Responses in Older Women with Obesity Participating in a 16-Week Combined Aquatic Exercise Program: A Prospective Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Dynamic Changes in Cortical Activation Patterns During Incremental Load Among Athletes of Different Sports Types.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Acute effects of upper-limb blood flow restriction training on dual-task postural control and physiological correlates in older adults.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Table Tennis as a Sustainable Health Intervention: A Meta-Analysis of Its Effects on Balance and Cognitive Functions.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neurobiophilia.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Effects of Prior Exercise Habits and Adherence on Cognitive Function, Physical Fitness, and Vascular Health in Older Adults: An Exploratory Exercise-Based Intervention Trial.Dementia and neurocognitive disorders · 2026Article
- Integrated effects of a 12-week intermittent combined exercise on cognitive function, physical performance, and neurophysiological biomarkers in older women.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Acute Neurochemical, Psychophysiological, and Cognitive Responses to Small-Sided Games vs. Running-Based HIIT in Young, Male Soccer Players.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of interventions targeting modifiable factors for dementia risk reduction.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Acute effects of a single bout of high-intensity strength and endurance exercise on cognitive biomarkers in young adults and elderly men: a within-subjects crossover study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Static Myoblast Loading on Protein Secretion Linked to Tenocyte Migration.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Individual differences in affect in response to physical activity.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Exercise as a multitarget therapy: modulating myokines, neurotrophins, and inflammation in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
- Physical Exercise Counteracts Aging-Associated White Matter Demyelination Causing Cognitive Decline.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- The reciprocity of skeletal muscle and bone: an evolving view from mechanical coupling, secretory crosstalk to stem cell exchange.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
- Preventive Strategies for Cognitive Decline and Dementia: Benefits of Aerobic Physical Activity, Especially Open-Skill Exercise.Brain sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccumulating evidence shows that physical exercise has a positive effect on the release of neurotrophic factors and myokines. However, evidence regarding the optimal type of physical exercise for these release is still lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the acute and chronic effects of open-skill exercise (OSE) compared to closed-skill exercise (CSE) on serum and plasma levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF
methodsTo investigate acute effects, thirty-eight participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention (badminton (aOSE) and bicycling (aCSE), n = 24, 65.83 ± 5.98 years) or control group (reading (CG), n = 14, 67.07 ± 2.37 years). Blood samples were taken immediately before and 5 min after each condition. During each condition, heart rate was monitored. The mean heart rate of aOSE and aCSE were equivalent (65 ± 5% of heart rate reserve). In a subsequent 12-week training-intervention, twenty-two participants were randomly assigned to either a sport-games (cOSE, n = 6, 64.50 ± 6.32) or a strength-endurance training (cCSE, n = 9, 64.89 ± 3.51) group to assess for chronic effects. Training intensity for both groups was adjusted to a subjective perceived exertion using the CR-10 scale (value 7). Blood samples were taken within one day after the training-intervention.
resultsBDNF
conclusionOur results indicate that both exercise types are efficient to acutely increase BDNF
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.