Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34823380›Full record

ArticleCartilage2021

Methodology to Quantify Collagen Subtypes and Crosslinks: Application in Minipig Cartilages.

Benjamin J Bielajew, Jerry C Hu, Kyriacos A Athanasiou

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cartilage, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Benjamin J BielajewDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Jerry C HuDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Kyriacos A AthanasiouDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5387-8405
University of California, Irvine · US

Funding

TMJ Disc RegenerationR01DE015038 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI ATHANASIOU, KYRIACOS A · 2004 to 2022
$6.1M
Self-assembling process in tissue engineering of articular cartilageR01AR067821 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI ATHANASIOU, KYRIACOS A · 2015 to 2019
$1.9M
Engineering biomimetic knee menisci with zonal and anisotropic variationsR01AR071457 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI ATHANASIOU, KYRIACOS A · 2017 to 2021
$1.8M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR067821NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR071457NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE015038
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study develops assays to quantify collagen subtypes and crosslinks with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and characterizes the cartilages in the Yucatan minipig.

methodsFor collagen subtyping, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis was performed on tissues digested in trypsin. For collagen crosslinks, LC-MS analysis was performed on hydrolysates. Samples were also examined histologically and with bottom-up proteomics. Ten cartilages (femoral condyle, femoral head, facet joint, floating rib, true rib, auricular cartilage, annulus fibrosus, 2 meniscus locations, and temporomandibular joint disc) were analyzed.

resultsThe collagen subtyping assay quantified collagen types I and II. The collagen crosslinks assay quantified mature and immature crosslinks. Collagen subtyping revealed that collagen type I predominates in fibrocartilages and collagen type II in hyaline cartilages, as expected. Elastic cartilage and fibrocartilages had more mature collagen crosslink profiles than hyaline cartilages. Bottom-up proteomics revealed a spectrum of ratios between collagen types I and II, and quantified 42 proteins, including 24 collagen alpha-chains and 12 minor collagen types. DISCUSSION: The novel assays developed in this work are sensitive, inexpensive, and use a low operator time relative to other collagen analysis methods. Unlike the current collagen assays, these assays quantify collagen subtypes and crosslinks without an antibody-based approach or lengthy chromatography. They apply to any collagenous tissue, with broad applications in tissue characterization and tissue engineering. For example, a novel finding of this work was the presence of a large quantity of collagen type III in the white-white knee meniscus and a spectrum of hyaline and fibrous cartilages.

Indexed as

CollagenTandem Mass SpectrometryAnimalsChromatography, LiquidHyaline CartilageSwineSwine, MiniatureCollagencartilagecollagencollagen crosslinkscollagen subtypefibrocartilagemass spectrometry

Identifiers

PMID34823380
PMCPMC8804780
OpenAlexW3217348440

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.