Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34822610›Full record

ArticleToxins2021

Clinical Safety and Tolerability of A2NTX, a Novel Low-Molecular-Weight Neurotoxin Derived from Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype A2, in Comparison with Subtype A1 Toxins.

Toshiaki Takeuchi, Tsuyoshi Okuno, Ai Miyashiro, Tomoko Kohda, Ryosuke Miyamoto, Yuishin Izumi, Shunji Kozaki, Ryuji Kaji

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 37% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Developing Botulinum Toxin Drugs: Unexpected Challenges.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Toshiaki TakeuchiDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Tsuyoshi OkunoDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Ai MiyashiroDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Tomoko KohdaDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
Ryosuke MiyamotoDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6434-9541
Yuishin IzumiDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
Shunji KozakiDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
Ryuji KajiDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6207-1080
Tokushima University · JPOsaka Prefecture University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

All the botulinum type A neurotoxins available for clinical use are of the A1 subtype. We developed a subtype A2 low-molecular-weight (150 kD (kilo Dalton)) neurotoxin (A2NTX) with less spread and faster entry into the motor nerve terminal than A1 in vitro and in vivo. Preliminary clinical studies showed that its efficacy is superior to A1 toxins. We conducted an open study exploring its safety and tolerability profile in comparison with A1LL (LL type A1 toxin, or onabotulinumtoxinA) and a low-molecular-weight (150 kD) A1 neurotoxin (A1NTX). Those who had been using A1LL (

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBotulinum Toxins, Type ACase-Control StudiesDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMolecular WeightNeuromuscular AgentsRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultbotulinum neurotoxin A2NTXBotulinum Toxins, Type ANeuromuscular Agentsbotulinum toxinclinical tolerabilitypatientssafetysubtype A2

Identifiers

PMID34822610
PMCPMC8623066
OpenAlexW3215644025

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.