ArticleToxins2021
Gut Microbiota and Their Derived Metabolites, a Search for Potential Targets to Limit Accumulation of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease.
Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Simultaneous quantification of total and free protein-bound uremic toxins in serum by LC-MS/MS: method development, validation, and clinical application in hemodialysis patients.BMC chemistry · 2026Article
- Short-chain fatty acids of intestinal origin attenuate protein-bound uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease by protecting the intestinal barrier: a pooled analysis of multiple studies with individualized intervention strategies.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Review
- Kidney Function Modulates Gut Microbial Metabolism.Toxins · 2026Article
- Host factors dictate gut microbiome alterations in chronic kidney disease more strongly than kidney function.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Pediatric and adult point of view on the gut-kidney axis in CKD.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota and All-Cause Mortality in CKM Syndrome: Evidence of a JShaped Association and Partial Mediation by DII and CDAI.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Chrono-Synergistic Nutrition: Gut Microbiota-Targeted Diets and Circadian-Aligned First Meal Timing Confer Robust Protection Against Kidney Stone Formation.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- A specifically designed multi-biotic reduces uremic toxin generation and improves kidney function.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Kidney clearances of protein-bound uremic toxins predict outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Association between serum short-chain fatty acid levels and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Chinese patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Metabolic Interactions in Heart Failure.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Propionate and butyrate counteract renal damage and progression to chronic kidney disease.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2024Article
- Gut microbiota regulates oxidative stress and inflammation: a double-edged sword in renal fibrosis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Review
- Future of Uremic Toxin Management.Toxins · 2024Review
- Investigation of the human-gut-kidney axis by fecal proteomics, highlights molecular mechanisms affected in CKD.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Integration of Urinary Peptidome and Fecal Microbiome to Explore Patient Clustering in Chronic Kidney Disease.Proteomes · 2024Article
- Berberine alleviates ETEC-induced intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress damage by optimizing intestinal microbial composition in a weaned piglet model.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by gut dysbiosis with a decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. Levels of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of albumin increase with CKD, both risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The relationship between fecal metabolites and plasma concentrations of PBUTs in different stages of CKD (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.