ArticleCancer science2022
Low-carbohydrate diet and risk of cancer incidence: The Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study.
Article in Cancer science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2024: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach (Update of 2022 Guideline).Journal of gastric cancer · 2025Guideline
- Dietary Patterns and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Current nutrition reports · 2023Pooled it
- Review
- Low-carbohydrate diet score and risk of breast cancer: findings from a prospective cohort study.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- ChatGPT-4o for Weight Management: Comparison of Different Diet Models.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Low-carbohydrate diet score and risk of bladder cancer: Findings from a prospective cohort study.BJUI compass · 2025Article
- Ketogenic diet and cancer: multidimensional exploration and research.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- Function Preserving Gastrectomy and Quality of Life.Journal of gastric cancer · 2025Review
- Association of low-carbohydrate diet score and carbohydrate quality index with colorectal cancer risk: a large-scale case-control study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Dietary Interventions for Cancer Prevention: An Update to ACS International Guidelines.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Low-Carbohydrate Diet Score and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- The Association of Low-Carbohydrate Diet andCurrent developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- Review
- Low-Carbohydrate Diet Score and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- The Ketogenic Diet in Colorectal Cancer: A Means to an End.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer: a comparative analysis.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach.Journal of gastric cancer · 2023Review
- Nutritional and Exercise Interventions in Cancer-Related Cachexia: An Extensive Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Health Behaviors of Austrian Secondary School Teachers and Principals at a Glance: First Results of theNutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence on the effects of a long-term low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on cancer incidence remains sparse. We investigate the association between LCD and the risk of overall and specific cancer site incidence in a Japanese population-based prospective cohort study among 90 171 participants aged 45-74. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During a median 17.0 y of follow-up, we identified 15 203 cancer cases. A higher overall LCD score was associated with increased overall cancer risk (HR = 1.08 [CI: 1.02-1.14], P-trend = .012), while it was associated with decreased gastric cancer (GC) risk (0.81 [0.71-0.93], P-trend = .006). A higher animal-based LCD score was associated with higher risk of overall cancer (1.08 [1.02-1.14], P-trend = .003), colorectal cancer (CRC) (1.11 [0.98-1.25], P-trend = .018), rectal cancer (RC) (1.24 [1.00-1.54], P-trend = .025), lung cancer (LC) (1.16 [1.00-1.34], P-trend = .042), and lower risk of GC (0.90 [0.79-1.01], P-trend = .033). Furthermore, we found that plant-based LCD score was related to lower GC incidence (0.87 [0.77-0.99], P-trend = .031). Additionally, adjusted for plant fat intake amplified the adverse associations (overall cancer: 1.08 [1.02-1.14] vs. 1.11 [1.05-1.18]; CRC: 1.08 [0.95-1.22] vs. 1.13 [0.99-1.30]; LC: 1.14 [0.98-1.33] vs. 1.19 [1.01-1.41]). We conclude that LCD enriching with animal products was associated with increased overall cancer, CRC, and LC incidence. These adverse associations could be attenuated by plant fat consumption. LCD reduces the risk of developing GC. Long-term adherence to LCD without paying attention to the balance between animal and plant food source consumption might cause adverse overall cancer incidence consequences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.