Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34819655›Full record

ReviewPediatric research2022

Orthopedic manifestations of child abuse.

John D Milner, Davis A Hartnett, Steven F DeFroda, Brett A Slingsby, Zachary S Silber, Amy Z Blackburn, Alan H Daniels, Aristides I Cruz

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Identifying Risk Factors of Children Who Suffered Physical Abuse: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

John D MilnerDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. john_milner@brown.edu.
Davis A HartnettDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Steven F DeFrodaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Brett A SlingsbyDepartment of Pediatrics, The Lawrence A. Aubin Sr. Child Protection Center, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Zachary S SilberDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Amy Z BlackburnDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Alan H DanielsDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Aristides I CruzDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brown University, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA.
Brown University · USHasbro Children's Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Child abuse is common in the United States but is often undetected. The incidence of this form of abuse is difficult to quantify, but children with a history of abuse are at risk of chronic health conditions. Medical providers are in the unique position of triaging trauma patients and differentiating unintentional from abusive trauma, as well as having the important position of being a mandated reporter of abuse in all states. Obtaining a detailed history and screening for risk factors can help identify children at risk of abuse. Certain orthopedic injuries may be related to abuse, which may trigger clinical suspicion and lead to further workup or intervention. By increasing awareness, through medical provider education and increased screening, earlier detection of abuse may prevent more serious injuries and consequences. This review evaluates current literature regarding the orthopedic manifestations of child abuse in hopes of increasing medical provider awareness. IMPACT: Child abuse is common in the United States but often remains undetected. Medical professionals are in the unique position of evaluating trauma patients and identifying concerns for abusive injuries. Certain orthopedic injuries may raise concern for abuse triggering clinical suspicion and further workup or intervention.

Indexed as

Child AbuseChildHumansInfantRisk FactorsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID34819655
OpenAlexW3217215652

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.