ArticleApplied psychophysiology and biofeedback2022
Gender Differences in Cardiac Chronotropic Control: Implications for Heart Rate Variability Research.
Article in Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Day and night heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings: a systematic review with meta-analysis using a gender lens.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2023Pooled it
- Guidelines for rigor and reproducibility of heart rate variability within human cardiovascular research.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Review
- Normative Heart Rate Variability Parameters Across Age and Gender in Healthy Adults from an Apex Tertiary Care Centre in Southern India.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Article
- Associations of Poincaré Plot-Derived Parameters with Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Reflex Testing in a Real-World Clinical Population.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Physiological evaluation of the emotional regulation of patients with hereditary angioedema.BioPsychoSocial medicine · 2026Article
- Resting heart rate variability as a predictor of exercise response in mild post-COVID: insights from a six-minute step test.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Article
- The association between cardiac vagal activity and urinary catecholamine: Investigating the effect of race and sex.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Discrimination and Heart Rate Variability Responses in a Diverse Sample of Young Adults.Journal of psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Sex and age differences in the association between heart rate variability and cardiac chronotropy: A replication-extension study.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Cardiac vagal modulation predicts decision-making in sacrificial and everyday moral dilemmas.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The interplay between heart rate variability, inflammation, and lipid accumulation: Implications for cardiometabolic risk.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Prenatal dexamethasone programs autonomic dysregulation in female rats.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Heart rate variability: A primer for alcohol researchers.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Driver Fatigue Detection Using Heart Rate Variability Features from 2-Minute Electrocardiogram Signals While Accounting for Sex Differences.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Voluntary wheel running as a promising strategy to promote autonomic resilience to social stress in females: Vagal tone lies at the heart of the matter.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2024Review
- Sex differences in heart rate variability measures that predict alcohol drinking in rats.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Cardiac Autonomic Balance Is Altered during the Acute Stress Response in Adolescent Major Depression-Effect of Sex.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Baroreflex Sensitivity between Male and Female Athletes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Nocturnal Heart Rate Variability Might Help in Predicting Severe Obstructive Sleep-Disordered Breathing.Biology · 2023Article
- Sex differences in heart rate and heart rate variability in rats: Implications for translational research.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a continuing debate concerning "adjustments" to heart period variability [i.e., heart rate variability (HRV)] for the heart period [i.e., increases inter-beat-intervals (IBI)]. To date, such arguments have not seriously considered the impact a demographic variable, such as gender, can have on the association between HRV and the heart period. A prior meta-analysis showed women to have greater HRV compared to men despite having shorter IBI and higher heart rate (HR). Thus, it is plausible that men and women differ in the association between HRV and HR/IBI. Thus, the present study investigates the potential moderating effect of gender on the association between HRV and indices of cardiac chronotropy, including both HR and IBI. Data from 633 participants (339 women) were available for analysis. Cardiac measures were assessed during a 5-min baseline-resting period. HRV measures included the standard deviation of inter-beat-intervals, root mean square of successive differences, and autoregressive high frequency power. Moderation analyses showed gender significantly moderated the association between all HRV variables and both HR and IBI (each p < 0.05). However, results were not consistent when using recently recommended HRV variables "adjusted" for IBI. Overall, the current investigation provides data illustrating a differential association between HRV and the heart period based on gender. Substantial neurophysiological evidence support the current findings; women show greater sensitivity to acetylcholine compared to men. If women show greater sensitivity to acetylcholine, and acetylcholine increases HRV and the heart period, then the association between HRV and the heart period indeed should be stronger in women compared to men. Taken together, these data suggest that routine "adjustments" to HRV for the heart period are unjustified and problematic at best. As it relates to the application of future HRV research, it is imperative that researchers continue to consider the potential impact of gender.
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