ArticlePediatrics2021
Discrimination and Subsequent Mental Health, Substance Use, and Well-being in Young Adults.
Article in Pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unpacking Multiple Forms of Discrimination Experiences in Racial/Ethnic Subgroups of Emerging Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Co-occurrence of racism-based trauma symptoms and depressive symptoms among college students of color.Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy · 2026Article
- Intersectional Racial, Gender, and Socioeconomic Discrimination and Youth Alcohol and Cannabis Use: A Latent Class Analysis Among Black and White Adolescents.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Black and Latinx Foreign- and US-Born Young and Emerging Adults Living with HIV: Examining Social Ecological Risk Factors and Their Association with Depression, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and Comorbid Depression/PTSD.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- The Role of Discrimination in Social Safety and its Interplay with Adolescents' Mental Health and Substance Use: A Network Perspective.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2026Article
- Unacceptable Experiences Reported by Undergraduate Students and Their Associations With Mental Health, Well-Being and Academic Performance: U-Flourish Student Well-Being Research: Expériences inacceptables signalées par les étudiants de premier cycle et leurs liens avec la santé mentale, le bien-être et le rendement académique : Programme de recherche U-Flourish sur le bien-être des étudiants.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Article
- On the topical issue of assisted dying: the insurmountable challenges of human existence, and the right to exit.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Association of Everyday Discrimination With Drug Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the All of Us Research Program.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- Psychosocial burden of discrimination based on sexual orientation in university students-A cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Perceived racism-based police violence and substance use among black and hispanic emerging adults: Evidence from a national sample.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Ethnic Discrimination's Role on Increased Substance Susceptibility and Use Among U.S. Youth.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Association of discrimination experiences with rapid subsequent changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms in US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Discrimination and DSM-5 Substance Use Disorders Among U.S. Adults.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2025Article
- Discrimination and Mental Health Among Black and Latino People Living with HIV: Understanding the Role of Religion and Spirituality.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Denial of Personal Racial Discrimination and Its Impact Among People of Color Who Use Substances: Implications for Measuring Racial Discrimination in Substance Use Research.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Associations Between Acculturation, Discrimination, and Adolescent Relationship Abuse: A Matched Parent-Adolescent Study of Latine Families.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2025Article
- Mental health symptoms and discrimination among immigrant and US-born Hispanic or Latino adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Harnessing Implementation Science in Clinical Psychology: Past, Present, and Future.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2025Review
- Cognitive-Affective Factors Linking Experiences of Daily Discrimination with Adult Psychopathology and Risky Health Behaviors.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
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11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDiscrimination has been shown to have profound negative effects on mental and behavioral health and may influence these outcomes early in adulthood. We aimed to examine short-term, long-term, and cumulative associations between different types of interpersonal discrimination (eg, racism, sexism, ageism, and physical appearance discrimination) and mental health, substance use, and well-being for young adults in a longitudinal nationally representative US sample.
methodsWe used data from 6 waves of the Transition to Adulthood Supplement (2007-2017, 1834 participants) of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Outcome variables included self-reported health, drug use, binge drinking, mental illness diagnosis, Languishing and Flourishing score, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score. We used logistic regression with cluster-robust variance estimation to test cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between discrimination frequency (overall, cumulative, and by different reason) and outcomes, controlling for sociodemographics.
resultsIncreased discrimination frequency was associated with higher prevalence of languishing (relative risk [RR] 1.34 [95% CI 1.2-1.4]), psychological distress (RR 2.03 [95% CI 1.7-2.4]), mental illness diagnosis (RR 1.26 [95% CI 1.1-1.4]), drug use (RR 1.24 [95% CI 1.2-1.3]), and poor self-reported health (RR 1.26 [95% CI 1.1-1.4]) in the same wave. Associations persisted 2 to 6 years after exposure to discrimination. Similar associations were found with cumulative high-frequency discrimination and with each discrimination subcategory in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.
conclusionsIn this nationally representative longitudinal sample, current and past discrimination had pervasive adverse associations with mental health, substance use, and well-being in young adults.
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