ArticleJGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology2021
Exploring microsatellite instability in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and its tumor microenvironment.
Article in JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Theory to Practice: Which Biomarkers Are Ready for Predicting Response in Advanced HCC?Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- Article
- High TRA2B expression mediated by ncRNA correlates with adverse outcomes and tumor immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- An Update of Immunohistochemistry in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Develop a prognostic and drug therapy efficacy prediction model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on telomere maintenance-associated genes.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- MSI expresso: a software for determining MSI status and detecting MSI-related transcription events from RNA sequencing data.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Tumor Mutational Burden as a Biomarker of Immunotherapy Response: An Immunogram Approach in Onco-immunology.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Current state and challenges of emerging biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Review
- Sequencing Systemic Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current treatment options in oncology · 2023Review
- Review
- Predictive Biomarkers for Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment Response in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tumor Mutational Burden for Predicting Prognosis and Therapy Outcome of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Primary Resistance to Immunotherapy-Based Regimens in First Line Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Perspectives on Jumping the Hurdle.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
33 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimImmune checkpoint inhibitors and their combination with other agents have recently been available in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hence, a thorough understanding of the tumor microenvironment based on tumor samples is yet to be achieved. This study aimed to explore the tumor microenvironment in advanced HCC in terms of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) by using tumor samples from advanced HCC patients eligible for systemic therapy.
methodsMSI-H was assessed by polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of mismatch repair proteins, PD-L1, CD8, VEGF, and HLA-class1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Whole-exome sequencing was performed for MSI-H tumor samples.
resultsOf 50 patients, one (2.0%) was confirmed with MSI-H. In the MSI-H advanced HCC tumor, a high tumor mutation burden, infiltration of CD8
conclusionWe identified a very small number of MSI-H cases in HCC using one tumor biopsy sample for each patient with advanced HCC. In addition, epigenetic aberrations possibly lead to MSI-H in HCC patients. Since different HCC clones might coexist in the liver, sampling from multiple tumors should be considered to clarify the true proportion of MSI-H in HCC and to analyze tumor microenvironments.
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