ArticleAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012)2021
Extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia (eAML): Retrospective single center cohort study on clinico-pathological, molecular analysis and survival outcomes.
Article in Annals of medicine and surgery (2012), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetic alterations in myeloid sarcoma among acute myeloid leukemia patients: insights from 37 cohort studies and a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Extramedullary AML: Clinical and Molecular Features.Cancers · 2026Article
- Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Myeloid Sarcoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancers · 2025Review
- Myeloid sarcoma shows a high frequency of mutations activating the MAPK/ERK pathway and association with clonal hematopoiesis.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Approaches in Myeloid Sarcoma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- A View of Myeloid Transformation through the Hallmarks of Cancer.Blood cancer discovery · 2024Review
- Pediatric Myeloid Sarcoma, More than Just a Chloroma: A Review of Clinical Presentations, Significance, and Biology.Cancers · 2023Review
- Case Report: The Value of Genomic Analysis in a Case of Megakaryoblastic Leukemia With Atypical Initial Manifestation.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionextramedullary acute myeloid leukemia (eAML) is characterized by extramedullary tumor formation infiltrated by myeloid blasts, with or without maturation and effaced architecture. The clinical, genetic and molecular aspects and overall outcomes are well defined worldwide, but not well characterized in our region. PURPOSE AND
methodsThis is a retrospective single center cohort study on 32 patients, who were identified over 10 years to study the clinical, pathologic and genetic-molecular aspects, and survival outcomes.
resultseAML is rare (1%), occurs at a younger age with male predominance. Central nervous system (CNS) with facial bone invasion is most commonly identified (34.4%). 45.5% were positive for conventional myeloid markers (MPO), CD33, CD117, and 36% positive for CD34 and CD68. 54% with normal karyotype had deleterious mutations on further testing. NGS revealed pathogenic mutations in 76%(N-9/17) and none tested positive for P53, IDH1 or IDH2. At a median follow up time of 43mo (range, 8.6-80mo); 37.5%(N-12) were in complete remission, 62.5%(N-20) relapsed. 28% of relapses were after allotransplant. 31%(N-10) alive and continued in complete remission(CR), and 69%(N-22) of patients have died.Median overall survival (OS) is 18.4 and relapse free survival (RFS) 18.7 months. OS and RFS were significantly better in patients, who attained CR after induction (IC 11.9 mo vs zero; P = 0.0001; IC 12mo vs zero; P = 0.0001) compared to patients with relapsed disease; and in patients who received allo-transplant consolidation with median OS and RFS 42 vs 8.5mo (P = 0.002) and 42months vs 10 mo (P = 0.006). Thus allotransplant may be considered for all eligible patients in first CR.
conclusionachievement of complete remission after induction therapy is associated with improved outcomes in eAML. Allotransplant in first complete remission may be the most effective modality for achieving long-term remissions.
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