ArticleScientific reports2021
A comprehensive breath test that confirms recent use of inhaled cannabis within the impairment window.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhancing Methods for Research on Cannabis: A Workshop Report.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Review
- Comparison of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in venous and capillary blood following ad libitum cannabis smoking by occasional and daily users.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in the development of portable technologies and commercial products to detect ΔJournal of cannabis research · 2024Review
- Smartphone-based drug testing in the hands of patients with substance-use disorder-a usability study.Frontiers in digital health · 2024Article
- Adverse Ocular Impact and Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Eye reactions under the influence of drugs of abuse as measured by smartphones: a controlled clinical study in healthy volunteers.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Feasibility of using breath sampling of non-volatiles to estimate the prevalence of illicit drug use among nightlife attendees.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Examining impairment and kinetic patterns associated with recent use of hemp-derived ΔJournal of cannabis research · 2022Article
- Indeterminacy of cannabis impairment and ∆Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Legalization of cannabis for medicinal and/or recreational use is expanding globally. Although cannabis is being regulated country by country, an accurate recent use test with indisputable results correlated with impairment has yet to be discovered. In the present study, a new approach for determining recent cannabis use within the impairment window after smoking was developed by studying 74 subjects with a mean age of 25 years and average use history of 9 years. Horizontal gaze nystagmus was evaluated along with subject self-assessments of impairment, and blood and breath samples were collected before and after smoking cannabis. Breath and blood pharmacokinetic parameters and cannabinoid profiles determined recent use within the impairment window. No subjects were positive for recent use pre-smoking, although all subjects had detectable cannabinoids in breath samples. We describe an inhaled cannabis recent use test that correlates with impairment and helps protect against wrongful prosecution and workplace discrimination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.