Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34815214›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of pharmaceutical education2022

Five Essential Steps for Faculty to Mitigate Racial Bias and Microaggressions in the Classroom.

Tyler Marie Kiles, Marie Chisholm-Burns

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of pharmaceutical education, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A Scoping Review of the Hidden Curriculum in Pharmacy Education.American journal of pharmaceutical education · 2023
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Tyler Marie KilesUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee tkiles@uthsc.edu.
Marie Chisholm-BurnsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Educators must recognize the pharmacy curriculum itself is an instrument that can propagate or discourage systemic racism. The role of pharmacy education in disseminating racial bias through didactics deserves further consideration. While microaggressions have begun to be acknowledged in the pharmacy learning environment, specific guidance on mitigating racial microaggressions in the classroom has not been provided. This paper aims to suggest actionable strategies pharmacy educators may use to mitigate or prevent these negative classroom experiences. As such, it combines five experiences of racial biases and microaggressions in the classroom with suggested action items in a practical guide for pharmacy faculty members. It is our hope that this commentary will challenge faculty to self-assess their teaching, with the aim of preventing racial biases from propagating and creating better learning environments for future pharmacists.

Indexed as

Education, PharmacyRacismCurriculumFacultyHumansMicroaggressionbiasdiversityinclusionmicroaggression

Identifiers

PMID34815214
PMCPMC10159380

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.