Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34814034›Full record

ArticleBiosensors & bioelectronics2022

Real-time ultra-sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 by quasi-freestanding epitaxial graphene-based biosensor.

Soaram Kim, Heeju Ryu, Sheldon Tai, Michael Pedowitz, John Robertson Rzasa, Daniel J Pennachio, Jenifer R Hajzus, Donald K Milton, Rachael Myers-Ward, Kevin M Daniels

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biosensors & bioelectronics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Soaram KimDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. Electronic address: soaramk@umd.edu.
Heeju RyuVaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Sheldon TaiMaryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Michael PedowitzDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
John Robertson RzasaFischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Daniel J PennachioUS Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 23075, USA.
Jenifer R HajzusUS Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 23075, USA.
Donald K MiltonMaryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Rachael Myers-WardUS Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 23075, USA.
Kevin M DanielsDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
University of Maryland, College Park · USUnited States Naval Research Laboratory · USFred Hutch Cancer Center · US

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400008C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in infected patients (mid-turbinate swabs and exhaled breath aerosol samples) in concentrations as low as 60 copies/mL of the virus in seconds by electrical transduction of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein antigen via SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein antibodies immobilized on bilayer quasi-freestanding epitaxial graphene without gate or signal amplification. The sensor demonstrates the spike protein antigen detection in a concentration as low as 1 ag/mL. The heterostructure of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody/graphene-based sensor is developed through a simple and low-cost fabrication technique. Furthermore, sensors integrated into a portable testing unit distinguished B.1.1.7 variant positive samples from infected patients (mid-turbinate swabs and saliva samples, 4000-8000 copies/mL) with a response time of as fast as 0.6 s. The sensor is reusable, allowing for reimmobilization of the crosslinker and antibodies on the biosensor after desorption of biomarkers by NaCl solution or heat treatment above 40 °C.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesCOVID-19GraphiteHumansSARS-CoV-2Graphite2D materialBiosensorCOVID-19GrapheneHeterostructureSARS-CoV-2SiC

Identifiers

PMID34814034
PMCPMC8595974
OpenAlexW3212205119

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.