ArticleJMIR pediatrics and parenting2021
Gender-Based Differences and Associated Factors Surrounding Excessive Smartphone Use Among Adolescents: Cross-sectional Study.
Article in JMIR pediatrics and parenting, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between academic burnout and problematic smartphone use: a three-level meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of smartphone addiction among caregivers of children with physical disabilities in Nepal: A cross-sectional study.Journal of public health research · 2026Article
- Smartphone addiction and its associated factors among public university students in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Digital Exposure and Skin Health in Children and Adolescents: A State-of-the-Art Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Sex-specific neural responses to smartphone cues in young adults.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- The digital tether: a SA-SV based survey on smartphone addiction among young adults in Southern Italy.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Network analysis of the association between social anxiety and problematic smartphone use in college students.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Moderating effects of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the association between problematic mobile phone use and chronotype among Chinese young adults: Focus on gender differences.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Article
- Real-world adolescent smartphone use is associated with improvements in mood: An ecological momentary assessment study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Cell phone addiction and sleep disturbance among medical students in Jiangsu Province, China: the mediating role of psychological resilience and the moderating role of gender.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Phone addiction, cyberbullying, and mental health amongst young adults in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2023Article
- The Influence of Sociodemographic Factors on Mobile Device Use among Young Children in Putrajaya, Malaysia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExcessive smartphone use is a new and debated phenomenon frequently mentioned in the context of behavioral addiction, showing both shared and distinct traits when compared to pathological gaming and gambling.
objectiveThe aim of this study is to describe excessive smartphone use and associated factors among adolescents, focusing on comparisons between boys and girls.
methodsThis study was based on data collected through a large-scale public health survey distributed in 2016 to pupils in the 9th grade of primary school and those in the 2nd grade of secondary school. Bayesian binomial regression models, with weakly informative priors, were used to examine whether the frequency of associated factors differed between those who reported excessive smartphone use and those who did not.
resultsThe overall response rate was 77% (9143/11,868) among 9th grade pupils and 73.4% (7949/10,832) among 2nd grade pupils, resulting in a total of 17,092 responses. Based on the estimated median absolute percentage differences, along with associated odds ratios, we found that excessive smartphone use was associated with the use of cigarettes, alcohol, and other substances. The reporting of anxiety and worry along with feeling low more than once a week consistently increased the odds of excessive smartphone use among girls, whereas anxiety and worry elevated the odds of excessive smartphone use among boys. The reporting of less than 7 hours of sleep per night was associated with excessive smartphone use in all 4 study groups.
conclusionsThe results varied across gender and grade in terms of robustness and the size of estimated difference. However, excessive smartphone use was associated with a higher frequency of multiple suspected associated factors, including ever having tried smoking, alcohol, or other substances; poor sleep; and often feeling low and feeling anxious. This study sheds light on some features and distinctions of a potentially problematic behavior among adolescents.
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