ArticleThe AAPS journal2021
Navigating Through Cell-Based In vitro Models Available for Prediction of Intestinal Permeability and Metabolism: Are We Ready for 3D?
Article in The AAPS journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating Human Intestinal Organoids into FDA's New Approach Methodologies for Drug Discovery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Infectious Diarrhea in Early Childhood across the Global South: Etiologic Diversity and Pathogenic Mechanisms.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Transport of perfluoroalkyl substances across human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal epithelial cells in comparison with primary human intestinal epithelial cells and Caco-2 cells.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Characterization and optimization of variability in a human colonic epithelium culture model.ALTEX · 2024Article
- Challenges in Permeability Assessment for Oral Drug Product Development.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- In vitro models and ex vivo systems used in inflammatory bowel disease.In vitro models · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traditionally, in vitro studies to quantify the intestinal permeability of drugs have relied on two-dimensional cell culture models using human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, namely Caco-2, HT 29 and T84 cells. Although these models have been commonly used for high-throughput screening of xenobiotics in preclinical studies, they do not fully recapitulate the morphology and functionality of enterocytes found in the human intestine in vivo. Efforts to improve the physiological and functional relevance of in vitro intestinal models have led to the development of enteroids/intestinal organoids and microphysiological systems. These models leverage advances in three-dimensional cell culture techniques and stem cell technology (in addition to microfluidics for microphysiological systems), to mimic the architecture and microenvironment of the in vivo intestine more accurately. In this commentary, we will discuss the advantages and limitations of these established and emerging intestinal models, as well as their current and potential future applications for the pre-clinical assessment of oral therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.