Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34809456›Full record

ArticlemBio2021

Characterization of the Flagellar Collar Reveals Structural Plasticity Essential for Spirochete Motility.

Yunjie Chang, Hui Xu, Md A Motaleb, Jun Liu

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mBio, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. TheProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. The ancient E-ring in bacterial flagellar motors.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Tetrameric PilZ protein stabilizes stator ring in complex flagellar motor and is required for motility inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yunjie Chang *Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Hui Xu *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Universitygrid.255364.3, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Md A MotalebDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Universitygrid.255364.3, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Jun LiuDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3108-6735
East Carolina University · USYale University · US

Funding

Structure-Function Relationships in the Spirochetal Flagellar MotorR01AI087946 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, JUN · 2010 to 2025
$6.6M
Delineation of unique flagellar proteins in spirochetesR01AI132818 · NIAID · EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY · PI Jun Liu, MD A MOTALEB · 2018 to 2026
$3.3M
High-throughput electron cryo-microscopeS10OD023603 · OD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SIGWORTH, FREDERICK J · 2018 to 2018
$1.9M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI087946NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI132818NIH HHS S10 OD023603
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spirochetes are a remarkable group of bacteria with distinct morphology and periplasmic flagella that enable motility in viscous environments, such as host connective tissues. The collar, a spirochete-specific complex of the periplasmic flagellum, is required for this unique spirochete motility, yet it has not been clear how the collar assembles and enables spirochetes to transit between complex host environments. Here, we characterize the collar complex in the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. We discover as well as delineate the distinct functions of two novel collar proteins, FlcB and FlcC, by combining subtractive bioinformatic, genetic, and cryo-electron tomography approaches. Our high-resolution

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsBorrelia burgdorferiCryoelectron MicroscopyFlagellaBacterial Proteinsmolecular machinemotilityperiplasmic flagellaplasticityspirochete

Identifiers

PMID34809456
PMCPMC8609358
OpenAlexW3216537380

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.