Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34807962›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Protective measures are associated with the reduction of transmission of COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

Nadim Sharif, Khalid J Alzahrani, Shamsun Nahar Ahmed, Rubayet Rayhan Opu, Nayan Ahmed, Aeken Talukder, Raju Nunia, Mysha Samiha Chowdhury, Israt Jahan Nodi, Tama Saha and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. District-Level Risk Factors for COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in Nepal.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nadim SharifDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-2377-9726
Khalid J AlzahraniDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-6688-0106
Shamsun Nahar AhmedDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Rubayet Rayhan OpuDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0002-0373-1509
Nayan AhmedDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Aeken TalukderDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Raju NuniaDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mysha Samiha ChowdhuryDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-3990-1490
Israt Jahan NodiDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Tama SahaDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ming ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
Shuvra Kanti DeyDepartment of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0002-2440-5673

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major public health issue globally. Preventive health measures against COVID-19 can reduce the health burden significantly by containing the transmission. A few research have been undertaken on the effectiveness of preventive strategies such as mask use, hand washing, and keeping social distance in preventing COVID-19 transmission. The main aim of this study was to determine the association of the preventive measures with the reduction of transmission of COVID-19 among people. Data was collected during January 06, 2021 to May 10, 2021 from 1690 participants in Bangladesh. A validated questionnaire was used to collect both the online and offline data. Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association among the variables. The prevalence of COVID-19 was 11.5% (195 of 1690) among the population. Age, gender, occupation and monthly income of the participants were significantly associated with the likelihood of following the preventive measures. The risk of infection and death reduced significantly among the participants following preventive measures (p = .001). The odds of incidence was lower among the participants using masks properly (OR: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01-0.43), maintaining social distances (OR: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01-0.33), avoiding crowded places (OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.02-0.19) and hand shaking (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.09-0.41). This study suggests that preventive health measures are significantly associated with the reduction of the risk of infection of COVID-19. Findings from this study will help the policymakers to take appropriate steps to curb the health burden of COVID-19.

Indexed as

Basic Reproduction NumberPhysical DistancingAdolescentAdultBangladeshChildCOVID-19FemaleHumansMaleMasksMiddle AgedRespiratory Protective Devices

Identifiers

PMID34807962
PMCPMC8608304

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.