ArticleJournal of experimental psychology. General2022
Self-referential processing accounts for cultural variation in self-enhancement versus criticism: An electrocortical investigation.
Article in Journal of experimental psychology. General, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influence of acculturation on the ERP correlates of self- and other-referencing.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Engagement, preference and identity: Proposing a developmental engagement framework.The British journal of developmental psychology · 2026Review
- "Autism Diagnosis as a Guide": Taiwanese Adolescents' Own Experiences of Receiving Autism Diagnoses.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- The effect of previous team environment on the current motivation in Japanese varsity soccer players.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- How U.S. 'cultural defaults' challenge American public health and what public health officers can do about it.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Influence of acculturation and cultural values on the self-reference effect.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Brain-computer interfaces and human factors: the role of language and cultural differences-Still a missing gap?Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- A comparative study of self-praise on English and Chinese social media: strategies, themes, and motivations.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Self-Enhancement and the Medial Prefrontal Cortex: The Convergence of Clinical and Experimental Findings.Brain sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
European Americans are self-enhancing, whereas East Asians are sometimes self-critical. However, the mechanisms underlying this cultural difference remain unclear. Here, we addressed this gap by testing 32 Taiwanese and 32 American young adults, who indicated whether their self-esteem would change in various episodes involving success or failure. We monitored their electroencephalogram (EEG) and assessed upper-alpha band power in response to the outcome information. An increase in upper-alpha power indicates internally directed attention; therefore, it is an index of self-referential processing when assessed during a judgment about the self. As predicted, Americans judged that their self-esteem (but not another's) would increase more after a success than it would decrease after a failure, thereby showing the previously observed self-enhancing pattern. Taiwanese tended to show the opposite pattern, self-criticism. Notably, Americans, but not Taiwanese, showed an increase in upper-alpha band power in response to the self's successes (vs. failures). This bias in the EEG index of self-referential processing predicted the cultural difference in self-enhancement (vs. criticism). The role of self-referential processing in self-enhancement is discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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