Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34807683›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental psychology2021

Changes in family chaos and family relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from a longitudinal study.

Jenna R Cassinat, Shawn D Whiteman, Sarfaraz Serang, Aryn M Dotterer, Sarah A Mustillo, Jennifer L Maggs, Brian C Kelly

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
15.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Family typology among Mexican families after the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026
    Article
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  10. Ebola Virus Disease and Pediatric Mental Health: Long-Term Mediating Effects of Caregiver Mental Health.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026
    Article
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  15. Article
  16. Journal of marriage and the family · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Long-term effects of changes in coparenting quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
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3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Jenna R CassinatDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University.ORCID 0000-0002-4740-3160
Shawn D WhitemanDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University.ORCID 0000-0001-9782-2120
Sarfaraz SerangDepartment of Psychology, Utah State University.ORCID 0000-0002-7985-4951
Aryn M DottererDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University.
Sarah A MustilloDepartment of Sociology, University of Notre Dame.
Jennifer L MaggsDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University.ORCID 0000-0003-1601-6990
Brian C KellyDepartment of Sociology, Purdue University.
Utah State University · USPennsylvania State University · USPurdue University West Lafayette · USUniversity of Notre Dame · US

Funding

Sibling Socialization of Alcohol and Drug Use from Early through Late AdolescenceR01AA025331 · NIAAA · UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Shawn David Whiteman · 2017 to 2026
$3.1M
National Institutes of Health; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA025331
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The purpose of this article was to explore how family chaos, parenting processes, parent-child relationship qualities, and sibling relationship qualities changed before versus the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included one parent and two adolescent-aged children from 682 families (2,046 participants). Parents and youth participating in an ongoing longitudinal study in five Midwestern states in the United States completed an additional web-based assessment of family processes and family relationship qualities during the May-June 2020 pandemic-related shutdowns. A series of two-wave latent change score models indicated that family chaos increased with the onset of pandemic-related shutdowns and that the level of chaos within a family during the shutdowns had implications for changes in several parenting processes and family relationship qualities. Specifically, higher levels of family chaos during the pandemic mitigated observed increases in parental knowledge and were associated with declines in parental autonomy granting. Family chaos during pandemic-related shutdowns also was associated with increases in maternal-child conflict, paternal-child conflict, and sibling conflict as well as decreases in paternal-child intimacy, sibling intimacy, and sibling disclosure. Overall, consistent with a family stress perspective, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased strain and commotion within many households, and these changes had implications for multiple family relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAdolescentAgedHumansLongitudinal StudiesParent-Child RelationsParentingSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34807683
PMCPMC8611690
OpenAlexW3215512325

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.