Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34807419›Full record

ArticleAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2021

Connective Tissue Disorders and Cardiovascular Complications: The Indomitable Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling.

Jason B Wheeler, John S Ikonomidis, Jeffrey A Jones

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07495267 (Nutritional Ketosis as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Stabilize Chronic Aortic Dissection in Marfan Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07495267 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Nutritional Ketosis as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy to Stabilize Chronic Aortic Dissection in Marfan Syndrome

TypeinterventionalSponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2026 to 2028Enrolled15ConditionsMarfan Syndrome, Aortic DissectionArmsKetogenic diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. The emerging role of integrin signaling in pulmonary vascular disease.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
  9. TGFβ-2 haploinsufficiency causes early death in mice with Marfan syndrome.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jason B WheelerDivision of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
John S IkonomidisDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Jeffrey A JonesDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA. jonesja@musc.edu.

Funding

BLRD VA I01 BX000904
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Marfan Syndrome (MFS) and Loeys-Dietz Syndrome (LDS) represent heritable connective tissue disorders that segregate with a similar pattern of cardiovascular defects (thoracic aortic aneurysm, mitral valve prolapse/regurgitation, and aortic dilatation with regurgitation). This pattern of cardiovascular defects appears to be expressed along a spectrum of severity in many heritable connective tissue disorders and raises suspicion of a relationship between the normal development of connective tissues and the cardiovascular system. With overwhelming evidence of the involvement of aberrant Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in MFS and LDS, this signaling pathway may represent the common link in the relationship between connective tissue disorders and their associated cardiovascular complications. To further explore this hypothetical link, this chapter will review the TGF-β signaling pathway, the heritable connective tissue syndromes related to aberrant TGF-β signaling, and will discuss the pathogenic contribution of TGF-β to these syndromes with a primary focus on the cardiovascular system.

Indexed as

Aortic Aneurysm, ThoracicCardiovascular SystemLoeys-Dietz SyndromeMarfan SyndromeConnective TissueHumansSignal TransductionTransforming Growth Factor betaTransforming Growth FactorsTransforming Growth Factor betaTransforming Growth FactorsActivin receptor-like kinase (ALK)AneurysmAneurysm-osteoarthritis syndrome (AOS)AortaAortic aneurysm thoracic (AAT)Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS)Arteriovenous malformationBeta blockersBMP receptorCollagenCuracao diagnostic criteriaDoxycyclineEhlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)EndoglinExtracellular matrixExtracellular signal related kinase (ERK)Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection syndrome (FTAAD)FibrillinFibrodysplasia Ossificans progressive (FOP)Genetic testingHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)IntegrinsLoeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS)LosartanMarfan syndrome (MFS)MetalloproteinaseMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)Mitral valvePrimary pulmonary hypertensionShprintzen-Goldberg syndromeSMADTGF-β receptorThoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection syndromeTransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)

Identifiers

PMID34807419
PMCPMC8905527

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.