Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34807354›Full record

SynthesisJournal of immigrant and minority health2022

Understanding the Healthy Immigrant Effect in the Context of Mental Health Challenges: A Systematic Critical Review.

Sarah Elshahat, Tina Moffat, K Bruce Newbold

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sarah ElshahatFaculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, CNH 527, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L9, Canada. elshahas@mcmaster.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5450-8158
Tina MoffatFaculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, CNH 527, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L9, Canada.
K Bruce NewboldSchool of Earth, Environment & Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The "Healthy Immigrant Effect" (HIE) suggests that immigrants have a health advantage over the domestic-born which vanishes with increased length of residency. Most HIE research focuses on physical health, with less attention given to mental health (MH). This systematic review of 58 MH studies examines whether there is a MH advantage among immigrants and explores changes in immigrants' MH, besides critically assessing the use of HIE theory. Inconsistent evidence was detected regarding the presence of MH advantage, whereas consistent, convincing evidence was revealed for a decline in immigrants' MH over years. Although the HIE theory can help reveal MH disparities, this theory alone does not explain the reasons for these disparities nor inform about potential avenues to improve immigrants' MH. A paradigm shift is needed to incorporate other potential theoretical concepts/frameworks, including the "Health Inequalities Action" framework, for a broader understanding of MH issues and to inform effective, culturally-sensitive interventions.

Indexed as

Emigrants and ImmigrantsMental HealthHealth StatusHumansAnxietyDepressionHealthy immigrant effectImmigrantsMental healthYears since immigration effect

Identifiers

PMID34807354
PMCPMC8606270

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.