Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34805627›Full record

ArticleKidney international reports2021

Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology in India: What Do We Know and Where We Need to Go.

Oommen John, Balaji Gummudi, Anubhuti Jha, Natarajan Gopalakrishnan, Om P Kalra, Prabhdeep Kaur, Vijay Kher, Vivek Kumar, Ravi Shankar Machiraju, Nicolas Osborne and 11 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney international reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Oommen JohnGeorge Institute for Global Health India, UNSW, New Delhi, India.
Balaji GummudiGeorge Institute for Global Health India, UNSW, New Delhi, India.
Anubhuti JhaGeorge Institute for Global Health India, UNSW, New Delhi, India.
Natarajan GopalakrishnanInstitute of Nephrology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, India.
Om P KalraPt BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India.
Prabhdeep KaurNational Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
Vijay KherMedanta Kidney & Urology Institute, Medanta the Medicity, Gurugram, India.
Vivek KumarDepartment of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Ravi Shankar MachirajuSeven Hills Hospital, Vishakhapattanam, India.
Nicolas OsborneSchool of Public Health University of Queensland Herston Australia.
Subrata Kumar PaloICMR Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.
Sreejith ParameswaranJawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India.
Sanghamitra PatiICMR Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.
Narayan PrasadDepartment of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Vinay RathoreAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India.
Mohan M RajapurkarMuljibhai Patel Urological Institute, Nadiad, India.
Manisha SahayDepartment of Nephrology, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
Ravi Raju TatapudiApollo Hospital, Vishakhapattanam, India.
Jarnail S ThakurSchool of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Vidhya VenugopalSri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
Vivekanand JhaGeorge Institute for Global Health India, UNSW, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) not associated with known risk factors has been reported from parts of India and is presumed to be similar to CKD of unknown etiology (CKDu) that has been described from Central America. The reports from India have been fragmented without clear description of the disease phenotype or its determinants. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge around CKDu in India based on a review of literature, multi-stakeholder consultation, and a survey of Indian nephrologists. We also contacted individual research groups to solicit data. Our findings suggest that that CKDu is reported from most regions in India; however, it is interpreted differently from the phenotype described from Central America and Sri Lanka. The differences include lack of a clear demographic or occupation group, older age of affected participants, and presence of mild hypertension and low-grade proteinuria. Well-designed prospective field studies with appropriate diagnostic workup are needed to establish the disease burden and identify etiologies, along with socioeconomic and health consequences, the intersection with the environment, and the public health response. Community-based research should phenotype the entire CKD population rather than be restricted to cases with presumed CKDu based on predefined criteria. Guidelines are needed for clinical evaluation, referral, management, and harmonization of clinical documentation and health records. More data are needed to support the existence of a unique CKDu phenotype in India.

Indexed as

chronic kidney diseasechronic kidney disease of uncertain etiologyclimate changeheat stress nephropathy

Identifiers

PMID34805627
PMCPMC8589686

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.