ReviewJournal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives2021
COVID-19 reinfection: the role of natural immunity, vaccines, and variants.
Review in Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Vitamin D Deficiency Meets Hill's Criteria for Causation in SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility, Complications, and Mortality: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Stuck in pandemic uncertainty: a review of the persistent effects of COVID-19 infection in immune-deficient people.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2024Review
- Why Do We Not Wear Masks Anymore during the COVID-19 Wave? Vaccination Precludes the Adoption of Personal Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: A Quantitative Study of Taiwanese Residents.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Genetic determinants of SARS-CoV-2 and the clinical outcome of COVID-19 in Southern Bangladesh.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Editorial: Updating long COVID: mechanisms, risk factors, and treatment.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Environmental predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence in Catalonia (northwestern Mediterranean).Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients Needing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Following a Critical Course of COVID-19.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Longitudinal study of humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 of health professionals in Brazil: the impact of booster dose and reinfection on antibody dynamics.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Post-COVID-19 Agenda: Who controls the narrative?Archives of medical research · 2023Article
- Estimation of the impact of hospital-onset SARS-CoV-2 infections on length of stay in English hospitals using causal inference.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Original Research: COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Southern California Nurses.The American journal of nursing · 2022Article
- Repurposing of HIV/HCV protease inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 3CLAntiviral research · 2022Article
- Risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections during 2020-2022 in Vojvodina, Serbia: A population-level observational study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
- The Effect of Varying Interval Definitions on the Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfections: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Brazilian pregnant women vaccinated with one or two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer/WyethFrontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Effects of vaccination, new SARS-CoV-2 variants and reinfections on post-COVID-19 complications.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has altered innumerable lives. Although recent mass vaccinations offer a glimmer of hope, the rising death toll and new variants continue to dominate the current scenario. As we begin to understand more about SARS-CoV-2 infections, the territory of reinfections with COVID-19 remains unexplored. In this review, we will discuss several aspects of reinfection: (a) How is COVID-19 reinfection characterized? (b) Does prior literature differentiate between reinfection and reactivation? (c) What SARS-CoV-2 strains do the vaccines target and can they protect against new strains? Larger and longer timeline studies are needed to understand reinfection risks. With the ongoing distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to provide protection, the understanding of the possibility for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection remains critical.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.