SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2021
Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitors and Autoimmune Diseases: Making Sense of BTK Inhibitor Specificity Profiles and Recent Clinical Trial Successes and Failures.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 80 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Zanubrutinib in Relapsed or Refractory Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: a Prospective Cohort Study
Orelabrutinib in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Prospective, Dose-Escalation Cohort Study
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and Efficacy of Remibrutinib for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Global landscape of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder clinical trials: trends in therapies, geography, and outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- A Phase I Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Fenebrutinib and Effect on the QT/QTc Interval in Healthy Participants.Clinical and translational science · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Pharmacology and safety of TAS5315, a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers: First-in-human, randomized, ascending-dose studies.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of remibrutinib, a selective potent oral BTK inhibitor, in Sjögren's syndrome: results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2024Trial
- Chemistry, pharmacology and spotlight on the clinical trials of remibrutinib: a first in class, oral Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor for chronic spontaneous urticaria.Molecular diversity · 2026Review
- Large-scale comparative virtual screening identifies novel molecular targets underlying the multi-target activity of quercetin in psoriasis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Fatigue in Sjögren's Disease - Integrating Biomedical and Psychosocial Aspects: A Narrative Review.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Review
- Non-receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP): A Comprehensive Review of Types, Pathophysiology, and Treatment Approaches.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- A Focused Comparative Review of Innovative Therapeutics Across Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The degradation revolution: harnessing targeted protein degradation for the treatment of human diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Tunable Aromatic Sulfoxides and Sulfones as Cysteine-Targeting Warheads: Exploring the Structure-Reactivity Relationship.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Translational immunothrombosis in autoimmune Heparin-Induced thrombocytopenia: targeting the FcγRIIa-Syk-BTK and complement pathways.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- B cell receptor signaling in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in Autoimmunity: Achievements, Opportunities and Challenges.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Global perspectives on lupus nephritis: a review of clinical trials and therapeutic innovations.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clinical development of BTK kinase inhibitors for treating autoimmune diseases has lagged behind development of these drugs for treating cancers, due in part from concerns over the lack of selectivity and associated toxicity profiles of first generation drug candidates when used in the long term treatment of immune mediated diseases. Second generation BTK inhibitors have made great strides in limiting off-target activities for distantly related kinases, though they have had variable success at limiting cross-reactivity within the more closely related TEC family of kinases. We investigated the BTK specificity and toxicity profiles, drug properties, disease associated signaling pathways, clinical indications, and trial successes and failures for the 13 BTK inhibitor drug candidates tested in phase 2 or higher clinical trials representing 7 autoimmune and 2 inflammatory immune-mediated diseases. We focused on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) where the majority of BTK nonclinical and clinical studies have been reported, with additional information for pemphigus vulgaris (PV), Sjogren's disease (SJ), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), graft
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.