ReviewFrontiers in aging neuroscience2021
Alpha-Synuclein Induced Immune Cells Activation and Associated Therapy in Parkinson's Disease.
Review in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurodegenerative diseases and immune system: From pathogenic mechanism to therapy.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Alpha-synuclein at the crossroads of host-virus interactions: immunological roles beyond the nervous system.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- α-Synuclein-Targeted Immunotherapies in Parkinson's Disease: In Silico, In Vitro and Clinical Perspectives.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Treadmill Exercise Alleviates Motor Deficits of PD Mice via Regulating STING-Mediated Valeric Acid-Th17/Treg-IL-17A Axis.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic T cell recognition of α-synuclein drives pathogenic immune responses in multiple system atrophy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Micro- and nanoplastics as environmental modifiers of neuroimmune dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Neurodegeneration as Ecosystem Failure: A New Paradigm for Prevention and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Interplay Between CBInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Autophagy and Immunotherapy for the Clearance of Aggregated α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Article
- Utilizing Machine Learning to Identify Biomarkers of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Analyze Immune Cell Infiltration in Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Differentiation and regulation of CD4Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Rational design of structure-based vaccines targeting misfolded alpha-synuclein conformers of Parkinson's disease and related disorders.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Article
- Lysosomal storage, impaired autophagy and innate immunity in Gaucher and Parkinson's diseases: insights for drug discovery.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Relationship among α‑synuclein, aging and inflammation in Parkinson's disease (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Alpha-Synuclein-Specific Regulatory T Cells Ameliorate Parkinson's Disease Progression in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Posterity of nanoscience as lipid nanosystems for Alzheimer's disease regression.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
- Myeloid-specific blockade of notch signaling alleviates dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease by dominantly regulating resident microglia activation through NF-κB signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Toll-like receptor-mediated neuroinflammation: relevance for cognitive dysfunctions.Trends in pharmacological sciences · 2022Review
- Blood-brain barrier: emerging trends on transport models and new-age strategies for therapeutics intervention against neurological disorders.Molecular brain · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder closely related to immunity. An important aspect of the pathogenesis of PD is the interaction between α-synuclein and a series of immune cells. Studies have shown that accumulation of α-synuclein can induce an autoimmune response that accelerates the progression of PD. This study discusses the mechanisms underlying the interaction between α-synuclein and the immune system. During the development of PD, abnormally accumulated α-synuclein becomes an autoimmune antigen that binds to Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that activate microglia, which differentiate into the microglia type 1 (M1) subtype. The microglia activate intracellular inflammatory pathways, induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines, and promote the differentiation of cluster of differentiation 4 + (CD4 +) T cells into proinflammatory T helper type 1 (Th1) and T helper type 17 (Th17) subtypes. Given the important role of α-synuclein in the immune system of the patients with PD, identifying potential targets of immunotherapy related to α-synuclein is critical for slowing disease progression. An enhanced understanding of immune-associated mechanisms in PD can guide the development of associated therapeutic strategies in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.