Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34803413›Full record

ArticleRisk management and healthcare policy2021

Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.

Muhammad Fawad Rasool, Rimsha Sarwar, Muhammad Subhan Arshad, Imran Imran, Hamid Saeed, Abdul Majeed, Muqarrab Akbar, Muhammad Omer Chaudhry, Anees Ur Rehman, Waseem Ashraf and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Risk management and healthcare policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Muhammad Fawad RasoolDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-8607-8583
Rimsha SarwarDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Muhammad Subhan ArshadDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-0282-0216
Imran ImranDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Hamid SaeedUniversity College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-1400-4825
Abdul MajeedDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-6711-0832
Muqarrab AkbarDepartment of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Muhammad Omer ChaudhrySchool of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Anees Ur RehmanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-6502-8464
Waseem AshrafDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan.
Tanveer AhmadInstitute for Advanced Biosciences (Iab), CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, Grenoble Alpes University, La Tronche, 38700, France.
Waleed BadoghaishDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71411, Saudi Arabia.
Faleh AlqahtaniDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3924-593X
Bahauddin Zakariya University · PKCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique · FRKing Saud University · SAUniversity of Tabuk · SAUniversity of the Punjab · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder with modifiable risk factors and it is associated with considerable health and economic burden. The current study was conducted to assess the frequency and risk factors related to GERD in the previously unstudied population of Southern Punjab, Pakistan.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted for assessing the frequency and risk factors of GERD by using a self-administered questionnaire. The gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ) was utilized to detect the presence of the disease.

resultsThe study included 308 participants; among them, 55.2% were female and 44.8% were male. The participants diagnosed with GERD (GerdQ score ≥8) were 26.6%. The various risk factors like higher BMI, past disease and smoking history, frequent use of NSAIDs, soft drinks, pickles, and spicy foods were significantly associated with GERD.

conclusionThe present study showed that GERD is prevalent in Southern Punjab and is associated with various modifiable risk factors. The ascendance of GERD can be prevented by public health education and awareness campaigns.

Indexed as

gastroesophageal refluxGERDrisk factorsSouthern Punjab

Identifiers

PMID34803413
PMCPMC8594896
OpenAlexW3213420655

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.