Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34802789›Full record

ArticleVaccine2021

A multi-country investigation of influenza vaccine coverage in pregnant individuals, 2010-2016.

Stephanie A Irving, Sarah W Ball, Stephanie M Booth, Annette K Regan, Allison L Naleway, Sarah A Buchan, Mark A Katz, Paul V Effler, Lawrence W Svenson, Jeffrey C Kwong and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Determinants of non-vaccination against seasonal influenza during pregnancy.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 11 institutions in 4 countries.

Stephanie A IrvingKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland OR, USA. Electronic address: Stephanie.A.Irving@kpchr.org.
Sarah W BallAbt Associates, Cambridge MA, USA; Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.
Stephanie M BoothCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Annette K ReganSchool of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia; School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Allison L NalewayKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland OR, USA.
Sarah A BuchanICES, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.
Mark A KatzClalit Research Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel; Medical School for International Health and School of Public Health, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel; University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI, USA.
Paul V EfflerCommunicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Lawrence W SvensonCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Ministry of Health, Edmonton, Canada; Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Jeffrey C KwongICES, Toronto, Canada; Medical School for International Health and School of Public Health, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Becca S FeldmanClalit Research Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Nicola P KleinKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, CA, USA.
Hannah ChungICES, Toronto, Canada.
Kimberley SimmondsCumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Ministry of Health, Edmonton, Canada.
PREVENT study team
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev · ILKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research · USMinistry of Health · CAClalit Health Services · ILGovernment of Western Australia Department of Health · AUInstitute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences · CAKaiser Permanente · USThe Kids Research Institute Australia · AUToronto Public Health · CAUniversity of Calgary · CAWestat (United States) · US

Funding

CDC HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMany countries recommend influenza vaccination during pregnancy. Despite this recommendation, influenza vaccine among pregnant individuals remains under-utilized and uptake varies by country. Factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake during pregnancy may also vary across countries.

methodsAs members of the Pregnancy Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (PREVENT), five sites from four countries (Australia, Canada, Israel, and the United States) retrospectively identified cohorts of individuals aged 18-50 years who were pregnant during pre-defined influenza seasons. Influenza vaccine coverage estimates were calculated for the 2010-11 through 2015-16 northern hemisphere and the 2012 through 2015 southern hemisphere influenza seasons, by site. Sites used electronic health records, administrative data, and immunization registries to collect information on pregnancy, health history, demographics, and vaccination status. Each season, vaccination coverage was calculated as the percentage of individuals who received influenza vaccine among the individuals in the cohort that season. Characteristics were compared between those vaccinated and unvaccinated, by site.

resultsMore than two million pregnancies were identified over the study period. Influenza vaccination coverage ranged from 5% to 58% across sites and seasons. Coverage increased consistently over the study period at three of the five sites (Western Australia, Alberta, and Israel), and was highest in all seasons at the United States study site (39-58%). Associations with vaccination varied by country and across seasons; where available, parity >0, presence of a high-risk medical condition, and urban residence were consistently associated with increased likelihood of vaccination.

conclusionsThough increasing, uptake of influenza vaccine among pregnant individuals remains lower than recommended. Coverage varied substantially by country, suggesting an ongoing need for targeted strategies to improve influenza vaccine uptake in this population.

Indexed as

Influenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesAlbertaFemaleHumansPregnancyRetrospective StudiesSeasonsUnited StatesVaccinationVaccine EfficacyInfluenza VaccinesInfluenzaMulti-countryPregnancyVaccinationVaccination Coverage

Identifiers

PMID34802789
PMCPMC13182996
OpenAlexW3216563156

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.