Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34802747›Full record

ArticleChild abuse & neglect2022

Parenting practices, stressors and parental concerns during COVID-19 in Pakistan.

Naeem Zafar, Mehek Naeem, Andleeb Zehra, Tufail Muhammad, Muhammad Sarfraz, Haroon Hamid, Kishwar Enam, Muhammad Moaz, Bawar Shah, Sidra Ishaque and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Child abuse & neglect, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. COVID-19 lockdowns and children's health and well-being.Journal Of Economic Psychology · 2022
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Naeem ZafarPAHCHAAN (Protection and Help of Children Against Abuse and Neglect), Canal Park, Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan; Child Rights Department, The University of Lahore. Main Campus, 1-KM Defence Road, Near Bhuptian Chowk, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Globark Institute of Development and Training (GIDAT), Pakistan. Electronic address: naeem.pahchaan@gmail.com.
Mehek NaeemPAHCHAAN (Protection and Help of Children Against Abuse and Neglect), Canal Park, Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan; Child Rights Department, The University of Lahore. Main Campus, 1-KM Defence Road, Near Bhuptian Chowk, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Globark Institute of Development and Training (GIDAT), Pakistan.
Andleeb ZehraPAHCHAAN (Protection and Help of Children Against Abuse and Neglect), Canal Park, Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan; Child Rights Department, The University of Lahore. Main Campus, 1-KM Defence Road, Near Bhuptian Chowk, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
Tufail MuhammadCRG-PPA (Child Rights Group PPA), Pakistan; Globark Institute of Development and Training (GIDAT), Pakistan.
Muhammad SarfrazShalamar Medical and Dental College Lahore, Pakistan.
Haroon HamidKing Edward Medical University, Pakistan.
Kishwar EnamAgha Khan University, Pakistan.
Muhammad MoazPAHCHAAN (Protection and Help of Children Against Abuse and Neglect), Canal Park, Gulberg II, Lahore, Pakistan; CRG-PPA (Child Rights Group PPA), Pakistan.
Bawar ShahMolvi Ji Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan.
Sidra IshaqueAgha Khan University, Pakistan.
Nazir MuhammadKing Edward Medical University, Pakistan.
University of Lahore · PKAga Khan University · PKKing Edward Medical University · PKPakistan Institute of Development Economics · PKRahnuma · PKShalamar Hospital · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCOVID-19 is a global crisis that has added fear, uncertainty, and stress to parents. Parents are going through several challenges related to school closure, financial insecurity and working remotely. These stressors are affecting the mental health of parents.

objectivesThis study aimed to observe major stressors along with the impact of COVID-19 on parental concerns and practices during lockdown.

participantsSample (N = 923) was selected through purposive sampling from parents attending Out Patients Departments of hospitals in three provincial capital cities of Pakistan having a high burden of COVID-19, i.e. Lahore, Karachi and Peshawar. Parents having at least one child younger than 18 years were included in the study.

methodsA quantitative design was used using a COVID-19 Parenting Response Scale (α = 0.74). It was used as a self-administered tool for parents who knew how to read and write Urdu/English language, however it was conducted as a structured interview for those who could not read/write. Data was analyzed by applying descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, percentage), independent sample t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlation.

resultsFindings of the current study showed several stressful factors for parents during COVID-19 pandemic, mainly financial burden, children's education, uncertainty of the situation, and many others. The study also suggests an association of parental concerns during COVID-19 with parenting practices.

conclusionCOVID-19 pandemic presents a global crisis not only of the health of the people but also on family relations and mental well-being. Findings of this research indicate the need for targeted and accessible interventions for mental health of parents especially during these challenging circumstances so that they can cope with the challenges in an effective way and be able to take care of their children better.

Indexed as

COVID-19ChildCommunicable Disease ControlHumansPakistanPandemicsParentingParentsChildrenCOVID-19Parental mental healthParenting practices

Identifiers

PMID34802747
PMCPMC8576182
OpenAlexW3213260601

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.