Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34799570›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

The autophagy protein ATG9A enables lipid mobilization from lipid droplets.

Elodie Mailler, Carlos M Guardia, Xiaofei Bai, Michal Jarnik, Chad D Williamson, Yan Li, Nunziata Maio, Andy Golden, Juan S Bonifacino

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. miRNA family miR-29 inhibits PINK1-PRKN signaling via ATG9A.Molecular neurodegeneration advances · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
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  15. ATG2 is a triglyceride transfer protein.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Elodie MaillerNeurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Carlos M GuardiaNeurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4662-9360
Xiaofei BaiLaboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Michal JarnikNeurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-3508
Chad D WilliamsonNeurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Yan LiProteomics Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-5960
Nunziata MaioMetals Biology and Molecular Medicine Group, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6225-6058
Andy GoldenLaboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Juan S BonifacinoNeurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. juan.bonifacino@nih.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5673-6370
National Institutes of Health · USEunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development · US

Funding

Protein Trafficking In The Endosomal-Lysosomal SystemZIAHD001607 · NICHD · EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · PI BONIFACINO, JUAN · 2009 to 2025
$48.3M
Enhancing and expanding the CGC Strain CollectionP40OD010440 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Aric L Daul, Ann E. Rougvie · 2012 to 2026
$7.5M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HD001607NIH HHS P40 OD010440
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The multispanning membrane protein ATG9A is a scramblase that flips phospholipids between the two membrane leaflets, thus contributing to the expansion of the phagophore membrane in the early stages of autophagy. Herein, we show that depletion of ATG9A does not only inhibit autophagy but also increases the size and/or number of lipid droplets in human cell lines and C. elegans. Moreover, ATG9A depletion blocks transfer of fatty acids from lipid droplets to mitochondria and, consequently, utilization of fatty acids in mitochondrial respiration. ATG9A localizes to vesicular-tubular clusters (VTCs) that are tightly associated with an ER subdomain enriched in another multispanning membrane scramblase, TMEM41B, and also in close proximity to phagophores, lipid droplets and mitochondria. These findings indicate that ATG9A plays a critical role in lipid mobilization from lipid droplets to autophagosomes and mitochondria, highlighting the importance of ATG9A in both autophagic and non-autophagic processes.

Indexed as

AutophagyAnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedAutophagosomesAutophagy-Related ProteinsCaenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsFatty AcidsGene Knockout TechniquesHEK293 CellsHeLa CellsHumansLipid DropletsLipid MobilizationMembrane ProteinsMitochondriaATG9A protein, humanatg-9 protein, C elegansAutophagy-Related ProteinsCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsFatty AcidsMembrane ProteinsRecombinant ProteinsVesicular Transport Proteins

Identifiers

PMID34799570
PMCPMC8605025
OpenAlexW3212049905

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.