ArticleTranslational psychiatry2021
Genome-wide differentially methylated genes associated with posttraumatic stress disorder and longitudinal change in methylation in rape survivors.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic immune and metabolic dysregulation in women with post-traumatic stress disorder: Longitudinal transcriptomic insights following sexual assault.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Childhood sexual abuse and post-cesarean pain.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Epigenetic modifications and transgenerational inheritance in women victims of violence (EWVV).Environmental epigenetics · 2025Review
- Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis related to ALS patient progression and survival.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of Epigenetic Inheritance in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Going Beyond Childhood and Gender-Based Violence: Epigenetic Modifications and Inheritance.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Epigenetics of violence against women: a systematic review of the literature.Environmental epigenetics · 2024Review
- Violence against Women and Stress-Related Disorders: Seeking for Associated Epigenetic Signatures, a Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Methylation in MAD1L1 is associated with the severity of suicide attempt and phenotypes of depression.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Advances in the molecular neurobiology of posttraumatic stress disorder from global contexts: A systematic review of longitudinal studies.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2023Review
- The shared mother-child epigenetic signature of neglect is related to maternal adverse events.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Adiponectin gene polymorphisms and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among female rape survivors: an exploratory study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Alterations in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Comprehensive Review of Molecular Markers.Complex psychiatryReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Rape is associated with a high risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). DNA methylation changes may confer risk or protection for PTSD following rape by regulating the expression of genes implicated in pathways affected by PTSD. We aimed to: (1) identify epigenome-wide differences in methylation profiles between rape-exposed women with and without PTSD at 3-months post-rape, in a demographically and ethnically similar group, drawn from a low-income setting; (2) validate and replicate the findings of the epigenome-wide analysis in selected genes (BRSK2 and ADCYAP1); and (3) investigate baseline and longitudinal changes in BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 methylation over six months in relation to change in PTSD symptom scores over 6 months, in the combined discovery/validation and replication samples (n = 96). Rape-exposed women (n = 852) were recruited from rape clinics in the Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation (RICE) umbrella study. Epigenome-wide differentially methylated CpG sites between rape-exposed women with (n = 24) and without (n = 24) PTSD at 3-months post-rape were investigated using the Illumina EPIC BeadChip in a discovery cohort (n = 48). Validation (n = 47) and replication (n = 49) of BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 methylation findings were investigated using EpiTYPER technology. Longitudinal change in BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 was also investigated using EpiTYPER technology in the combined sample (n = 96). In the discovery sample, after adjustment for multiple comparisons, one differentially methylated CpG site (chr10: 61385771/ cg01700569, p = 0.049) and thirty-four differentially methylated regions were associated with PTSD status at 3-months post-rape. Decreased BRSK2 and ADCYAP1 methylation at 3-months and 6-months post-rape were associated with increased PTSD scores at the same time points, but these findings did not remain significant in adjusted models. In conclusion, decreased methylation of BRSK2 may result in abnormal neuronal polarization, synaptic development, vesicle formation, and disrupted neurotransmission in individuals with PTSD. PTSD symptoms may also be mediated by differential methylation of the ADCYAP1 gene which is involved in stress regulation. Replication of these findings is required to determine whether ADCYAP1 and BRSK2 are biomarkers of PTSD and potential therapeutic targets.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.