Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34799431›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2023

Prevalence and Predictors of Household Food Insecurity and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Use in Youth and Young Adults With Diabetes: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.

Faisal S Malik, Angela D Liese, Beth A Reboussin, Katherine A Sauder, Edward A Frongillo, Jean M Lawrence, Anna Bellatorre, Catherine Pihoker, Beth Loots, Dana Dabelea and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. [Impact of urban economic level on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus using doZhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Household food insecurity and associations with hemoglobin ADiabetes research and clinical practice · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Faisal S MalikDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.ORCID 0000-0002-2543-4214
Angela D LieseDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.ORCID 0000-0002-7022-0178
Beth A ReboussinDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Katherine A SauderDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.ORCID 0000-0002-8473-8015
Edward A FrongilloHealth Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
Jean M LawrenceKaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-2480-8480
Anna BellatorreDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Catherine PihokerDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.ORCID 0000-0001-9074-7770
Beth LootsSeattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA.
Dana DabeleaDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.ORCID 0000-0001-9514-8929
Elizabeth Mayer-DavisDepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.ORCID 0000-0003-3858-0517
Elizabeth JensenDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.ORCID 0000-0003-2704-6634
Christine TurleyDepartment of Pediatrics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
Jason A MendozaDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.ORCID 0000-0003-0833-4358
University of Colorado Denver · USUniversity of South Carolina · USUniversity of Washington · USWake Forest University · USKaiser Permanente · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CLINICAL NUTRITION RESEARCH UNITP30DK056350 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Ian Michael Carroll · 1999 to 2026
$31.6M
Limited Competition for the Continuation of the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Cohort Study (UC4)SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Cohort StudyUC4DK108173 · NIDDK · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI DAGOSTINO, RALPH B. · 2015 to 2016
$14.8M
Impact of Disparities in Food Security on Glycemic Control and Health CareUtilization Among Youth and Young Adults with DiabetesR01DK117461 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI ANGELA D LIESE, Jason A Mendoza · 2018 to 2026
$6.1M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Coordinating CenterU01DP000250 · DP · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BELL, RONNY A · 2005 to 2009
$4.8M
SEARCH For Diabetes in Youth, Phase 3: Cohort Study-Carolina CenterU18DP002708 · DP · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MAYER-DAVIS, ELIZABETH J · 2010 to 2014
$3.6M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 2: Colorado CenterU01DP000247 · DP · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI DABELEA, DANA · 2005 to 2009
$3.6M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 2: South Carolina CenterU01DP000254 · DP · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MAYER-DAVIS, ELIZABETH J · 2005 to 2009
$3.5M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 3: Washington Site, Part BU18DP002710 · DP · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI PIHOKER, CATHERINE · 2010 to 2014
$3.2M
SEARCH 3 Cohort Study to Assess Incidence of Acute and Chronic Diabetes-related CU18DP002709 · DP · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI DOLAN, LAWRENCE M · 2010 to 2014
$3.2M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth, Phase 3: Cohort Study - California CenterU18DP002714 · DP · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI LAWRENCE, JEAN MARIE · 2010 to 2014
$3.1M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 2: California CenterU01DP000246 · DP · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI LAWRENCE, JEAN MARIE · 2005 to 2009
$2.8M
SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 2: Washington SiteU01DP000244 · DP · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI PIHOKER, CATHERINE · 2005 to 2009
$2.7M
ACL HHS U18DP006131ACL HHS U18DP006133ACL HHS U18DP006134ACL HHS U18DP006136ACL HHS U18DP006138ACL HHS U18DP006139EPA EP-C-15-002HSRD VA HIR 10-001NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000244NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000246NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000247NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000248NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000250NCCDPHP CDC HHS U01 DP000254NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002708NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002709NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002710NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP002714NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP006131NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP006133NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP006134NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP006136NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP006138NCCDPHP CDC HHS U18 DP006139NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK119465NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK056350NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK117461NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127208NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK108173
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among youth and young adults (YYA) with diabetes overall and by type, and sociodemographic characteristics. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThe study included participants with youth-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. HFI was assessed using the 18-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) administered from 2016 to 2019; three or more affirmations on the HFSSM were considered indicative of HFI. Participants were asked about SNAP participation. We used χ2 tests to assess whether the prevalence of HFI and SNAP participation differed by diabetes type. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine differences in HFI by participant characteristics.

resultsOf 2,561 respondents (age range, 10-35 years; 79.6% ≤25 years), 2,177 had type 1 diabetes (mean age, 21.0 years; 71.8% non-Hispanic White, 11.8% non-Hispanic Black, 13.3% Hispanic, and 3.1% other) and 384 had type 2 diabetes (mean age, 24.7 years; 18.8% non-Hispanic White, 45.8% non-Hispanic Black, 23.7% Hispanic, and 18.7% other). The overall prevalence of HFI was 19.7% (95% CI 18.1, 21.2). HFI was more prevalent in type 2 diabetes than type 1 diabetes (30.7% vs. 17.7%; P <  0.01). In multivariable regression models, YYA receiving Medicaid or Medicare or without insurance, whose parents had lower levels of education, and with lower household income had greater odds of experiencing HFI. SNAP participation was 14.1% (95% CI 12.7, 15.5), with greater participation among those with type 2 diabetes compared with those with type 1 diabetes (34.8% vs. 10.7%; P < 0.001).

conclusionsAlmost one in three YYA with type 2 diabetes and more than one in six with type 1 diabetes reported HFI in the past year-a significantly higher prevalence than in the general U.S. population.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Food AssistanceAdolescentAdultAgedChildFamily CharacteristicsFood InsecurityFood SupplyHumansMedicarePovertyPrevalenceUnited StatesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID34799431
PMCPMC9887610
OpenAlexW3213214966

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.