Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34799430›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2022

Association of Bariatric Surgery With Cancer Incidence in Patients With Obesity and Diabetes: Long-term Results From the Swedish Obese Subjects Study.

Kajsa Sjöholm, Lena M S Carlsson, Per-Arne Svensson, Johanna C Andersson-Assarsson, Felipe Kristensson, Peter Jacobson, Markku Peltonen, Magdalena Taube

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission, Dream or Reality? A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Integrated Care Strategies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Review
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  16. Possible selection bias in register-based obesity studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Kajsa SjöholmDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-0146-8193
Lena M S CarlssonDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Per-Arne SvenssonDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Johanna C Andersson-AssarssonDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Felipe KristenssonDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Peter JacobsonDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Markku PeltonenDepartment of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Magdalena TaubeDepartment of Molecular and Clinical medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-7944-9673
University of Gothenburg · SEKarolinska Institutet · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveObesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with serious adverse health effects, including cancer. Although bariatric surgery has been shown to reduce cancer risk in patients with obesity, the effect of bariatric surgery on cancer risk in patients with obesity and diabetes is less studied. We therefore examined the long-term incidence of cancer after bariatric surgery and usual care in patients with obesity and diabetes in the matched prospective Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThe SOS study examines long-term outcomes following bariatric surgery or usual care. The current analysis includes 701 patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes at baseline, 393 of whom underwent bariatric surgery and 308 who received conventional obesity treatment. Information on cancer events was obtained from the Swedish National Cancer Register. Median follow-up time was 21.3 years (interquartile range 17.6-24.8 years, maximum 30.7 years).

resultsDuring follow-up, the incidence rate for first-time cancer was 9.1 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI 7.2-11.5) in patients with obesity and diabetes treated with bariatric surgery and 14.1 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI 11.2-17.7) in patients treated with usual obesity care (adjusted hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.44-0.89], P = 0.008). Moreover, surgery was associated with reduced cancer incidence in women (0.58 [0.38-0.90], P = 0.016), although the sex-treatment interaction was nonsignificant (P = 0.630). In addition, diabetes remission at the 10-year follow-up was associated with reduced cancer incidence (0.40 [0.22-0.74], P = 0.003).

conclusionsThese results suggest that bariatric surgery prevents cancer in patients with obesity and diabetes and that durable diabetes remission is associated with reduced cancer risk.

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2NeoplasmsFemaleHumansIncidenceObesityProspective StudiesSweden

Identifiers

PMID34799430
PMCPMC8914410
OpenAlexW3214007678

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.