ArticlePloS one2021
Neutrophil extracellular traps modulate inflammatory markers and uptake of oxidized LDL by human and murine macrophages.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in cardiovascular disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Exercise Improves Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability Through Macrophage Autophagy and the FGF21 Signaling Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Single cell profiling of ER stress in coronary artery disease and therapeutic mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba extract.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multifactorial pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: interaction between inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and tissue mechanics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage polarization modulates neutrophil extracellular trap dynamics and reciprocal macrophage responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Interactions between neutrophil extracellular traps and macrophages: the key to inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cross-Talk Between Neutrophils and Macrophages Post-Myocardial Infarction: From Inflammatory Drivers to Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comparison of inflammatory cells, C-reactive protein, and lipid profile in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients and healthy controls in Northwest Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Cardiovascular Pathologies: The Impact of Lipid Profiles, PAD4, and Radiation.Biocell : official journal of the Sociedades Latinoamericanas de Microscopia Electronica ... et. al · 2025Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps: a catalyst for atherosclerosis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- The interaction between oral microbiota and gut microbiota in atherosclerosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Identification of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2024Article
- Immune dysregulation in sepsis: experiences, lessons and perspectives.Cell death discovery · 2023Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps contributing to atherosclerosis: From pathophysiology to clinical implications.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Review
- The role of selenoproteins in neutrophils during inflammation.Archives of biochemistry and biophysics · 2022Article
- Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in peripheral immune landscape from coronary artery disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Macrophage polarization as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis: a dynamic stochastic modelling study.Royal Society open science · 2022Article
- An injectable photo-cross-linking silk hydrogel system augments diabetic wound healing in orthopaedic surgery through spatiotemporal immunomodulation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- The Secretome of Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Drives Polarization and Reprogramming of M2a Macrophages toward an IL-10-Producing Phenotype.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are Found in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids of Horses With Severe Asthma and Correlate With Asthma Severity.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures, which are released upon neutrophil activation. It has previously been demonstrated that NETs are present in atherosclerotic lesions of both humans and animal models thus playing a decisive role in atherosclerosis. Besides, macrophages have a crucial role in disease progression, whereby classically activated M1 macrophages sustain inflammation and alternatively activated M2 macrophages display anti-inflammatory effects. Although NETs and macrophages were found to colocalize in atherosclerotic lesions, the impact of NETs on macrophage function is not fully understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of NETs on human and murine macrophages in respect to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) in vitro. Human THP-1 and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages were cultured under M1 (LPS + IFN-γ)- and M2a (IL-4)-polarizing culture conditions and treated with NETs. To mimic intraplaque regions, cells were additionally cultured under hypoxic conditions. NETs significantly increased the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in THP-M1 macrophages under normoxia but suppressed their expression in murine M1 macrophages under hypoxic conditions. Notably, NETs increased the number of oxLDL-positive M1 and M2 human and murine macrophages under normoxia, but did not influence formation of murine foam cells under hypoxia. However, oxLDL uptake did not strongly correlate with the expression of the LDL receptor CD36. Besides, upregulated MMP-9 expression and secretion by macrophages was detected in the presence of NETs. Again, hypoxic culture conditions dampened NETs effects. These results suggest that NETs may favor foam cell formation and plaque vulnerability, but exert opposite effects in respect to the inflammatory response of human and murine M1 macrophages. Moreover, effects of NETs on macrophages' phenotype are altered under hypoxia.
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