ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2023
Educational level, attention problems, and externalizing behaviour in adolescence and early adulthood: the role of social causation and health-related selection-the TRAILS study.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reciprocal relations between ADHD and risky behavior in adolescence: a between and within-person longitudinal analysis.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Using twin-pairs to assess potential bias in polygenic prediction of externalising behaviours across development.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Parental SES and family support as predictors of educational level: Testing the buffering effect of effortful control and peer support.Journal of adolescence · 2024Article
- Mediating pathways between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from a two-step and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Using twin-pairs to assess potential bias in polygenic prediction of externalising behaviours across development.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- ADHD Symptoms and Educational Level in Adolescents: The Role of the Family, Teachers, and Peers.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- Self-reported emotional and behavioral problems among school-going adolescents in Nepal-A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Social causation and health-related selection may contribute to educational differences in adolescents' attention problems and externalizing behaviour. The social causation hypothesis posits that the social environment influences adolescents' mental health. Conversely, the health-related selection hypothesis proposes that poor mental health predicts lower educational attainment. From past studies it is unclear which of these mechanisms predominates, as attention problems and externalizing behaviour have the potential to interfere with educational attainment, but may also be affected by differences in the educational context. Furthermore, educational gradients in mental health may reflect the impact of 'third variables' already present in childhood, such as parental socioeconomic status (SES), and IQ. We investigated both hypotheses in relation to educational differences in externalizing behaviour and attention problems throughout adolescence and young adulthood. We used data from a Dutch cohort (TRAILS Study; n = 2229), including five measurements of educational level, externalizing behaviour, and attention problems from around age 14-26 years. First, we evaluated the directionality in longitudinal associations between education, externalizing behaviour, and attention problems with and without adjusting for individual differences using fixed effects. Second, we assessed the role of IQ and parental SES in relation to attention problems, externalizing behaviour, and educational level. Attention problems predicted decreases in education throughout all of adolescence and young adulthood. Differences in parental SES contributed to increases in externalizing behaviour amongst the lower educational tracks in mid-adolescence. Childhood IQ and parental SES strongly predicted education around age 14. Parental SES, but not IQ, also predicted early adolescent attention problems and externalizing behaviour. Our results provide support for the health-related selection hypothesis in relation to attention problems and educational attainment. Further, our results highlight the role of social causation from parental SES in determining adolescent educational level, attention problems, and externalizing behaviour.
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