Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34796289›Full record

ArticleJMA journal2021

Increased Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Association with Dietary Transition (Westernization) in Japan.

Mitsuro Chiba, Norikazu Morita, Akira Nakamura, Keisuke Tsuji, Emiko Harashima

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMA journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Newly Diagnosed Crohn's Disease After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Case reports in gastrointestinal medicine · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease: from 2025 to 2045.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Alteration of salivaryFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. The diverse roles of sphingolipids in inflammatory bowel disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Current and future aspects of IBD research and treatment: The 2022 perspective.Frontiers in gastroenterology (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mitsuro ChibaDivision of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita, Japan.
Norikazu MoritaDivision of Gastroenterology, Morita GI Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan.
Akira NakamuraProfessor Emeritus, Department of Medical Information Science, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Keisuke TsujiLaboratory of Environment for Life and Living, School of Humanities for Environmental Policy and Technology, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Japan.
Emiko HarashimaNutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionInflammatory bowel disease has become a global disease, but its key environmental factors still remain unrecognized. This study aimed to clarify the role of dietary transition (westernization) in the increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan.

methodsAnnual numbers of new cases of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan over the period from 1965 to 2000 found in a nationwide database compiled by the government and the daily amount of food and nutrient intake per capita for the same period revealed by the National Nutrition Survey have been used to analyze their interrelation.

resultsRapid increases in the estimated incidence per 100,000 population have been observed, that is, from 0.08 in 1965 to 4.8 in 2000 for ulcerative colitis and from 0.003 to 1.3 in 2000 for Crohn's disease, with an extremely high correlation between the annual numbers of new cases of the respective diseases (r = 0.970). Intake of both animal fat and animal protein increased, while intake of rice decreased during the period. Of all food groups, the intake of rice as a staple food showed the highest negative correlation coefficient with the numbers of new cases of both ulcerative colitis (r = -0.825, 95% CI: -0.908 to -0.681,

conclusionsAn increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease was observed to coincide with dietary westernization in Japan. Our results support the assertion that dietary westernization is a key environmental factor in inflammatory bowel disease.

Indexed as

Crohn’s diseasedietary westernizationenvironmental factorepidemiologyincidenceinflammatory bowel diseaseulcerative colitis

Identifiers

PMID34796289
PMCPMC8580716

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.