ArticleAnnals of surgical treatment and research2021
Limits of serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 as the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.
Article in Annals of surgical treatment and research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-invasive predictive model for incidental gallbladder carcinoma based on multimodal features: Integrating clinical data, MRI radiomics, and deep transfer learning features.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of preoperative serum tumor markers in gallbladder cancer.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Utility of Serum CEA and Ca 19.9 as Triage Tools for Predicting Metastatic Disease in Gallbladder Cancer: A Sub-analysis from a Prospective Observational Study.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2025Observational
- Article
- Identification of serum metabolite biomarkers and metabolic reprogramming mechanisms to predict recurrence in cholangiocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- High serum CA19-9 predicts severe cholecystitis in calculous cholecystitis patients.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Discovery of novel serum peptide biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma recurrence through MALDI-TOF MS and LC-MS/MS peptidome analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pre-operative T-stage discrimination in gallbladder cancer using machine learning and DeepSeek-R1.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Panel of serum long non-coding RNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers for gallbladder carcinoma.Non-coding RNA research · 2024Article
- The Association of Carbohydrate Antigen (CA) 19-9 Levels and Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Healthy Adults.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Review
- Clinical presentation and management modalities of gallbladder cancer in Sudan: A single-center study.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2023Article
- Multiparameter diagnostic model based onBMC cancer · 2023Article
- Gallbladder cancer.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- A Panel of Bile Volatile Organic Compounds Servers as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Gallbladder Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAlthough serum CEA and CA 19-9 have been widely utilized for the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer (GBC), few studies have examined the diagnostic performance of them. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of these 2 biomarkers and demonstrate their clinical usefulness in diagnosing GBC.
methodsBetween January 2000 and March 2020, a total of 751 GBC patients and 2,310 normal controls were included. Serum CEA and CA 19-9 were measured preoperatively. Receiver operating characteristic curves were obtained, and the sensitivity and specificity of each biomarker were evaluated.
resultsIn terms of differentiating GBC from the control, the sensitivity and specificity of serum CEA at 5 ng/mL was 12.1% and 99.1%, respectively, and those of serum CA 19-9 at 37 IU/mL were 28.7% and 94.5%, respectively. The optimal cutoff values of CEA and CA 19-9 were set to 2.1 ng/mL and 26 IU/mL in the receiver operating characteristic curves, respectively. The sensitivities of CEA and CA 19-9 at new cutoff values slightly increased but remained low (CEA, 42.9%; CA 19-9, 38.2%). When differentiating early-stage GBC from advanced tumor, the sensitivity and specificity, were 14.2% and 96.1% for CEA (cutoff value, 5 ng/mL) and 33.6% and 90.1% for CA 19-9 (cutoff value, 37 IU/mL), respectively.
conclusionSerum CEA and CA 19-9 levels are not suitable for screening GBC patients from controls. New promising biomarkers with higher sensitivity should be explored.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.