ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2021
Photobiomodulation Promotes Repair Following Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating the Transformation of A1/A2 Reactive Astrocytes.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission in Age-Related Cardio-Cerebral Diseases: Mechanisms and Interventions.Aging cell · 2026Review
- M2 polarization of macrophages: Manipulation of spinal cord injury repair.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- The Canonical Wnt Surrogate Agonist scFv-Dkk1c Ameliorates Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Optogenetic Strategies for Motor Recovery After Ischemic Stroke: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- MAFG Induces the Methylation of CRYAB to Promote the Activation of A1 Astrocyte After Spinal Cord Injury.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Enhancing Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury Through Neuroplasticity: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- bFGF-Mediated Inhibition of Astrocytes' Optogenetic Activation Impairs Neuronal Repair in Female Rats After Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Astrocytes Respond to Environment-Relevant Doses TCDD in a Specific Manner Which Is Different from the Endogenous AhR Ligand (FICZ).Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Exosome-shuttled miR-5121 from A2 astrocytes promotes BSCB repair after traumatic SCI by activating autophagy in vascular endothelial cells.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Photobiomodulation improves functional recovery after mild traumatic brain injury.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of transcriptomic changes after photobiomodulation in spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Insights into Astrogliosis, Inflammation Processes, and Emerging Treatments by Exosome Therapy and Low-Level Laser Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2025Review
- Dorsoventral photobiomodulation therapy safely reduces inflammation and sensorimotor deficits in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Implantable and transcutaneous photobiomodulation promote neuroregeneration and recovery of lost function after spinal cord injury.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Article
- Transformation of A1/A2 Astrocytes Participates in Brain Ischemic Tolerance Induced by Cerebral Ischemic Preconditioning via Inhibiting NDRG2.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
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- Photobiomodulation inhibits the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after spinal cord injury via the Sox9 pathway.Neural regeneration research · 2024Article
- Targeting astrocytes polarization after spinal cord injury: a promising direction.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After spinal cord injury (SCI), reactive astrocytes can be classified into two distinctive phenotypes according to their different functions: neurotoxic (A1) astrocytes and neuroprotective (A2) astrocytes. Our previous studies proved that photobiomodulation (PBM) can promote motor function recovery and improve tissue repair after SCI, but little is known about the underlying mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether PBM contributes to repair after SCI by regulating the activation of astrocytes. Male rats subjected to clip-compression SCI were treated with PBM for two consecutive weeks, and the results showed that recovery of motor function was improved, the lesion cavity size was reduced, and the number of neurons retained was increased. We determined the time course of A1/A2 astrocyte activation after SCI by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and verified that PBM inhibited A1 astrocyte activation and promoted A2 astrocyte activation at 7 days postinjury (dpi) and 14 dpi. Subsequently, potential signaling pathways related to A1/A2 astrocyte activation were identified by GO function analysis and KEGG pathway analysis and then studied in animal experiments and preliminarily analyzed in cultured astrocytes. Next, we observed that the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was upregulated by PBM and that both factors contributed to the transformation of A1/A2 astrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we found that PBM reduced the neurotoxicity of A1 astrocytes to dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. In conclusion, PBM can promote better recovery after SCI, which may be related to the transformation of A1/A2 reactive astrocytes.
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