ArticleNPJ vaccines2021
Development of COVID-19 vaccine using a dual Toll-like receptor ligand liposome adjuvant.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- ID93 + GLA-3M-052-LS vaccine candidate administered by heterologous routes improves BCG efficacy against TB.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Effect of PEI25k/DOTAP/cholesterol liposomal formulation on the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-encoding DNA vaccine.Biotechnologia · 2026Article
- The ID93 + GLA-3M-052-LS vaccine candidate elicits mucosal and systemic immunogenicity and protective efficacy againstbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Solid lipid nanoparticles in pancreatic cancer treatment.BJC reports · 2025Review
- Enhanced immunogenicity of a Clostridioides difficile TcdB vaccine adjuvanted with a synthetic dual-TLR ligand adjuvant.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- TLR agonists as adjuvants for viral vaccines: mechanisms, applications, and future directions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Delivery and adjuvant: liposomes for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Biotechnologia · 2025Review
- Comprehensive review on COVID-19: etiology, pathogenicity, and treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity and safety of anHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- New-onset Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Post-mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report.Oman medical journal · 2024Article
- Biomedical equipments, vaccine and drug in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Recent advances in respiratory immunization: A focus on COVID-19 vaccines.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Review
- Recent updates on liposomal formulations for detection, prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).International journal of pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- TLR agonists as vaccine adjuvants in the prevention of viral infections: an overview.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- The macrophage infectivity potentiator ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Advances in Infectious Disease Vaccine Adjuvants.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Using Dual Toll-like Receptor Agonism to Drive Th1-Biased Response in a Squalene- and α-Tocopherol-Containing Emulsion for a More Effective SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- A Perspective on the Roles of Adjuvants in Developing Highly Potent COVID-19 Vaccines.Viruses · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We developed a SARS-CoV-2 spike subunit vaccine formulation containing dual TLR ligand liposome adjuvant. The vaccine-induced robust systemic neutralizing antibodies and completely protected mice from a lethal challenge. Two immunizations protected against lung injury and cleared the virus from lungs upon challenge. The adjuvanted vaccine also elicited systemic and local anti-Spike IgA which can be an important feature for a COVID-19 vaccine.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.