Trial reportNature communications2021
Micronutrient supplements can promote disruptive protozoan and fungal communities in the developing infant gut.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00705445 (Prospective Cluster Randomized Controlled Evaluation of the Impact of Zinc and / or Micronutrient Supplementation on Intestinal Flora, Diarrheal Disease Burden, Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Growth Among Cohorts of Children in Pakistan), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prospective Cluster Randomized Controlled Evaluation of the Impact of Zinc and / or Micronutrient Supplementation on Intestinal Flora, Diarrheal Disease Burden, Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Growth Among Cohorts of Children in Pakistan
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiome-based interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents aged up to 19 years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiota bridges dietary nutrients and host immunity.Science China. Life sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Longitudinal Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota among a Cohort of Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Pakistan.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Micronutrient supplements can promote disruptive protozoan and fungal communities in the developing infant gut.Nature communications · 2021Trial
- Programming the Infant Gut: How Maternal and Early Life Nutrition Shape the Infant Microbiome and Long-term Health-A Narrative Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- The Effect of Quintuply-Fortified Salt on the Gut Microbiome of Young Children 1-5 y of Age in Punjab, India; A Substudy of a Randomized, Community-Based Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary patterns influencing the human colonic microbiota from infancy to centenarian age: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Galacto-oligosaccharides alone and combined with lactoferrin impact the Kenyan infant gut microbiota and epithelial barrier integrity during iron supplementationMicrobiome research reports · 2025Article
- The Effect of Oral Iron Supplementation/Fortification on the Gut Microbiota in Infancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Commensal protist Tritrichomonas musculus exhibits a dynamic life cycle that induces extensive remodeling of the gut microbiota.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Comparative prebiotic potential of galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides, native inulin, and acacia gum in Kenyan infant gut microbiota during iron supplementation.ISME communications · 2024Article
- Metallic micronutrients are associated with the structure and function of the soil microbiome.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Multiple micronutrient deficiencies in early life cause multi-kingdom alterations in the gut microbiome and intrinsic antibiotic resistance genes in mice.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Intelligent Biological Networks: Improving Anti-Microbial Resistance Resilience through Nutritional Interventions to Understand Protozoal Gut Infections.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Zinc Supplementation Partially Decreases the Harmful Effects of a Cafeteria Diet in Rats but Does Not Prevent Intestinal Dysbiosis.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Review
- Iron Supplementation at the Crossroads of Nutrition and Gut Microbiota: The State of the Art.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Zinc Deficiency Interacts with Intestinal/Urogenital Parasites in the Pathway to Anemia in Preschool Children, Bengo-Angola.Nutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Supplementation with micronutrients, including vitamins, iron and zinc, is a key strategy to alleviate child malnutrition. However, association of gastrointestinal disorders with iron has led to ongoing debate over their administration. To better understand their impact on gut microbiota, we analyse the bacterial, protozoal, fungal and helminth communities of stool samples collected from a subset of 80 children at 12 and 24 months of age, previously enrolled into a large cluster randomized controlled trial of micronutrient supplementation in Pakistan (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00705445). We show that while bacterial diversity is reduced in supplemented children, vitamins and iron (as well as residence in a rural setting) may promote colonization with distinct protozoa and mucormycetes, whereas the addition of zinc appears to ameliorate this effect. We suggest that the risks and benefits of micronutrient interventions may depend on eukaryotic communities, potentially exacerbated by exposure to a rural setting. Larger studies are needed to evaluate the clinical significance of these findings and their impact on health outcomes.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.