Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34795256›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

A model of tension-induced fiber growth predicts white matter organization during brain folding.

Kara E Garcia, Xiaojie Wang, Christopher D Kroenke

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Brain structure and function in Homo naledi.Brain structure & function · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  9. Article
  10. Measurement of Residual Stress in the Brain.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2025
    Article
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  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kara E GarciaIndiana University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Evansville, IN, 47715, USA. karagarc@iu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-0749
Xiaojie WangOregon Health and Science University, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
Christopher D KroenkeOregon Health and Science University, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-3632
Oregon National Primate Research Center · USUniversity of Evansville · US

Funding

Upgrade of confocal microscopy at the Oregon National Primate Research CenterP51OD011092 · OD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Bonnie J. Nagel · 2012 to 2026
$203.9M
Connecting the mechanobiology of tissue and cells in cerebral cortical foldingR01NS111948 · NINDS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI BAYLY, PHILIP V, KROENKE, CHRISTOPHER D · 2019 to 2023
$2.6M
Characterizing the FASD cerebral cortex in utero with DTIR01AA021981 · NIAAA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI KROENKE, CHRISTOPHER D · 2013 to 2017
$2.3M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA021981NIH HHS P51 OD011092NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS111948
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The past decade has experienced renewed interest in the physical processes that fold the developing cerebral cortex. Biomechanical models and experiments suggest that growth of the cortex, outpacing growth of underlying subcortical tissue (prospective white matter), is sufficient to induce folding. However, current models do not explain the well-established links between white matter organization and fold morphology, nor do they consider subcortical remodeling that occurs during the period of folding. Here we propose a framework by which cortical folding may induce subcortical fiber growth and organization. Simulations incorporating stress-induced fiber elongation indicate that subcortical stresses resulting from folding are sufficient to induce stereotyped fiber organization beneath gyri and sulci. Model predictions are supported by high-resolution ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging of the developing rhesus macaque brain. Together, results provide support for the theory of cortical growth-induced folding and indicate that mechanical feedback plays a significant role in brain connectivity.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsModels, NeurologicalAnimalsAnisotropyBiomechanical PhenomenaBrainBrain MappingHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingProspective StudiesSurface Tension

Identifiers

PMID34795256
PMCPMC8602459
OpenAlexW3110933046

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.