ReviewJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2021
Mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity of CAR T-cell therapy and associated prevention and management strategies.
Review in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 185 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
185 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 253 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of shRNA-IL-6-engineered CAR-T cells for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a stepping stone toward risk-free immunotherapy.Bioscience reports · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy-safety trade-off and patient selection: a meta-analysis informing clinical choice between CAR-T and bispecific antibodies for R/R B-NHL.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Neuropsychiatric manifestations following chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for cancer: a systematic review of clinical outcomes and management strategies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- An Assessment of the Effectiveness and Safety of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Immunopathology of and potential therapeutics for secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome: a translational perspective.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- 2022 Chinese expert consensus and guidelines on clinical management of toxicity in anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Cancer biology & medicine · 2023Guideline
- Dose fractionation of CAR-T cells. A systematic review of clinical outcomes.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Pooled it
- Supportive methods for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia then and now: A compilation for clinical practice.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Dose Optimization of Elranatamab to Mitigate the Risk of Cytokine Release Syndrome in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.Targeted oncology · 2025Trial
- CAR T therapy in adult DLBCL patients in Slovenia: Evaluation of predictive scores for outcomes and adverse events.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- CAR-engineered neutrophils derived from induced pluripotent stem cells: a new frontier in cellular immunotherapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Recent advancements and persisting challenges in the evolution of next generation car t cell therapy for solid malignancies: a comprehensive review.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Treatment-related neuroanatomical and functional consequences of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A comprehensive review of brain structure and function.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Review
- Low-Strength Type I Interferon Signaling Promotes CAR T-cell Treatment Efficacy.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Metabolic adaptations of the tumor macroenvironment and their role in cancer progression and survivorship.Genes & development · 2026Review
- Article
- Safety signals for drug-related respiratory depression: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Review
- Advancing CAR-NK cell therapy in solid tumors: Current landscape and future directions.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
125 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has yielded impressive outcomes and transformed treatment algorithms for hematological malignancies. To date, five CAR T-cell products have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Nevertheless, some significant toxicities pose great challenges to the development of CAR T-cell therapy, most notably cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Understanding the mechanisms underlying these toxicities and establishing prevention and treatment strategies are important. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying CRS and ICANS and provide potential treatment and prevention strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.