ArticleBMC cancer2021
The WIRE study a phase II, multi-arm, multi-centre, non-randomised window-of-opportunity clinical trial platform using a Bayesian adaptive design for proof-of-mechanism of novel treatment strategies in operable renal cell cancer - a study protocol.
Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03741426 (WIndow of Opportunity Clinical Trials Platform for Evaluation of Novel Treatments Strategies in REnal Cell Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
WIndow of Opportunity Clinical Trials Platform for Evaluation of Novel Treatments Strategies in REnal Cell Cancer
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methodology and design of platform trials: a meta-epidemiological study.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2023Pooled it
- Adaptive trials in low back pain and osteoarthritis: How common are they and when should they be used? A systematic review from ClinicalTrials.gov.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2026Review
- Tumour sampling conditions perturb the metabolic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Nature communications · 2025Article
- PARP Inhibitors in Genitourinary Cancer: A New Paradigm Beyond Prostate Cancer.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2025Review
- Potential of Metabolic MRI to Address Unmet Clinical Needs in Localised Kidney Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- High-resolution and highly accelerated MRI T2 mapping as a tool to characterise renal tumour subtypes and grades.European radiology experimental · 2024Article
- New immune phenotypes for treatment response in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWindow-of-opportunity trials, evaluating the engagement of drugs with their biological target in the time period between diagnosis and standard-of-care treatment, can help prioritise promising new systemic treatments for later-phase clinical trials. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the 7
methodsWIRE is a Phase II, multi-arm, multi-centre, non-randomised, proof-of-mechanism (single and combination investigational medicinal product [IMP]), platform trial using a Bayesian adaptive design. The Bayesian adaptive design leverages outcome information from initial participants during pre-specified interim analyses to determine and minimise the number of participants required to demonstrate efficacy or futility. Patients with biopsy-proven, surgically resectable, cT1b+, cN0-1, cM0-1 clear cell RCC and no contraindications to the IMPs are eligible to participate. Participants undergo diagnostic staging CT and renal mass biopsy followed by treatment in one of the treatment arms for at least 14 days. Initially, the trial includes five treatment arms with cediranib, cediranib + olaparib, olaparib, durvalumab and durvalumab + olaparib. Participants undergo a multiparametric MRI before and after treatment. Vascularised and de-vascularised tissue is collected at surgery. A ≥ 30% increase in CD8+ T-cells on immunohistochemistry between the screening and nephrectomy is the primary endpoint for durvalumab-containing arms. Meanwhile, a reduction in tumour vascular permeability measured by K DISCUSSION: WIRE is the first trial using a window-of-opportunity design to demonstrate pharmacological activity of novel single and combination treatments in RCC in the pre-surgical space. It will provide rationale for prioritising promising treatments for later phase trials and support the development of new biomarkers of treatment effect with its extensive translational agenda.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03741426 / EudraCT: 2018-003056-21 .
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.