ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
Aqueous humor cytokine levels through microarray analysis and a sub-analysis based on optical coherence tomography in wet age-related macular degeneration patients.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advances in Proteomics-Based Approaches to Studying Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- CCR1 signaling as a common injury pathway in retinal degeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- 92-Plex Inflammatory Proteomic Signatures in Aqueous Humor of High Myopia and Candidate Biomarkers.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Dynamic changes in aqueous humor cytokines and OCTA parameters during aflibercept loading in treatment-naive neovascular age-related macular degeneration.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Altered High-Density Lipoprotein Expression Pattern in the Aqueous Humor From Eyes With Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Pharmacoproteomics in the development of personalised medicine in Age-related Macular Degeneration (PHARPRO-AMD) study protocol.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Decreased complement 4 and interleukin-10 as biomarkers in aqueous humour for non-exudative age-related macular degeneration: a case control study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Aqueous Humor Cytokine Analysis in Age-Related Macular Degeneration After Switching From Aflibercept to Faricimab.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Topical Ophthalmic Liposomes Dual-Modified with Penetratin and Hyaluronic Acid for the Noninvasive Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- CCR1 mediates Müller cell activation and photoreceptor cell death in macular and retinal degeneration.eLife · 2023Article
- Cytokine profiles in the aqueous humor following brolucizumab administration for exudative age-related macular degeneration.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- Systemic Blood Proteome Patterns Reflect Disease Phenotypes in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Association of IL-4 with pachychoroid neovasculopathy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Retinal fluid is associated with cytokines of aqueous humor in age-related macular degeneration using automatic 3-dimensional quantification.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Association between inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor and hyperreflective foci on optical coherence tomography in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo identify disease-specific cytokine and growth factor profile differences in the aqueous humor between wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients and age-matched controls and to correlate their levels with the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.
methodsAqueous humors were obtained from 13 wet AMD eyes and 10 control eyes. Twenty cytokines and growth factors were measured using a RayBio antibody microarray technology in wet AMD and control eyes.
resultsThe samples obtained from wet AMD patients exhibited a significantly increased expression of MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Subretinal fluid (SRF) patients showed significantly lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1α and GM-CSF, than those without SRF. Pigment epithelial detachments (PED) patients showed lower levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, than those without PED. Subretinal tissue (SRT) patients showed a higher level of IFN-γ than those without SRT. Compared with the controls, type 1 macular neovascularization (MNV) patients showed increased levels of MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β, but not VEGF (p = 0.083). However, type 2 MNV patients showed increased levels of MCP-1 and VEGF (p = 0.040 and p = 0.040).
conclusionInflammatory cytokines varied according to the type of AMD- and OCT-based parameters. Our observation of low levels of VEGF in patients with type 1 MNV implies that the inhibition of VEGF alone appears to be insufficient treatment for these patients and that cytokines such as MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β should be modulated. And the presence of SRF in MNV may be associated with a positive prognosis because we found relatively low levels of proinflammatory cytokines.
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