ArticleBMC cancer2021
GLRX3, a novel cancer stem cell-related secretory biomarker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Article in BMC cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor of α7 Subtype is Linked to Glioblastoma Cholinergic Heterogeneity.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based construction of an oxidative stress-related model reveals molecular subtypes and tumor microenvironment infiltration signatures in colon cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis: Serum Biomarkers and the Potential for Aptamer-Based Biosensors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Integrating multi-omics techniques andFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Pancreatic Cancer-Secreted Proteins: Targeting Their Functions in Tumor Microenvironment.Cancers · 2023Review
- Pancreatic cancer stemness: dynamic status in malignant progression.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Review
- Cancer Stem Cells are Actually Stem Cells with Disordered Differentiation: the Monophyletic Origin of Cancer.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCancer stem cells (CSCs) are implicated in carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and recurrence. Several biomarkers have been described for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) CSCs; however, their function and mechanism remain unclear.
methodIn this study, secretome analysis was performed in pancreatic CSC-enriched spheres and control adherent cells for biomarker discovery. Glutaredoxin3 (GLRX3), a novel candidate upregulated in spheres, was evaluated for its function and clinical implication.
resultsPDAC CSC populations, cell lines, patient tissues, and blood samples demonstrated GLRX3 overexpression. In contrast, GLRX3 silencing decreased the in vitro proliferation, migration, clonogenicity, and sphere formation of cells. GLRX3 knockdown also reduced tumor formation and growth in vivo. GLRX3 was found to regulate Met/PI3K/AKT signaling and stemness-related molecules. ELISA results indicated GLRX3 overexpression in the serum of patients with PDAC compared to that in healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of GLRX3 for PDAC diagnosis were 80.0 and 100%, respectively. When GLRX3 and CA19-9 were combined, sensitivity was significantly increased to 98.3% compared to that with GLRX3 or CA19-9 alone. High GLRX3 expression was also associated with poor disease-free survival in patients receiving curative surgery.
conclusionOverall, these results indicate GLRX3 as a novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for PDAC targeting CSCs.
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